汉代女童教育的形式和影响  

Form and Influence of Girl Education in the Han Dynasty

作　　者：王子今[1] Wang Zijin

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中华文化论坛》2021年第1期4-16,154,共14页Journal of Chinese Culture

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“秦汉时期未成年人生活研究”(项目编号:06JA770004)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在汉代社会空前重视童蒙教育的文化格局中,女童教育尤其值得注意。汉代女童教育包括文化教育、道德教育、生产与生活技能教育,汉代女童教育有成功的典型。东汉经学史的丰富内容中,可以看到女童热心研习的篇章。《女诫》作为儒学道德信条在女童教育中受到重视,对女性强制性的道德约束自童年开始,这是值得重视的妇女史的情节。汉代生活生产技能教育即所谓“女工”的培训,也在社会史记忆中保留有珍贵的信息。女童教育影响了妇女生活的品质,也因知识女性对子女的教育,实现了文化的世代传递,从而显著改变了社会精神生活。对“女德”“女工”的重视,长久地影响了中国妇女史。In the Han Dynasty,children education was unprecedented important in history.In such educational context,girl education was particularly noteworthy.In the Han Dynasty,girls'education included cultural,moral,production,living skills and concerned other aspects.And successful examples can be seen in this dynasty.The writings showing warm-hearted studies about girls'education can be found in the abundant Confucian classics during the Eastern Han Dynasty.Commandments for Women,as one of Confucian moral beliefs,was highlighted in the girl education,formed moral restrictions on women since their respective childhood,and took an important part in the women's history.The production and living skills education in the Han Dynasty was the so-called training for"women workings",leaving valuable information in the social history.Girl education influenced women's living quality.Female intellectuals educated their children and passed cultures generation after generation,significantly changing the spiritual life of society.The high attention paid to"women's virtues"and"women workings"has long influenced the mainstream in Chinese women's history.

关 键 词：汉代 教育 女童 文化 女诫 女德 女工 

分 类 号：K234[历史地理—历史学]