景颇语的“主之谓”——兼与古代汉语比较  

The“Subject+of+Predicate”Structure of Jingpo Language——Compared with Ancient Chinese

作　　者：戴庆厦[1] DAI Qing-xia(不详)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学中国少数民族语言文学学院,北京100081

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2021年第1期2-9,126,共9页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

摘　　要：景颇语有类似汉语的"主之谓"结构。它由"主+的+宾+谓"构成,主要出现在标题、成语、谚语中。本文从共时层面分析景颇语"主之谓"结构的属性、特点,认为它具有"一式两能"的功能,即主谓性和偏正性两种功能,可视为"主谓性的偏正关系"结构。文中还把这种结构与汉语的"主之谓"结构进行比较,发现二者既有共性,又各有个性。并进而探讨出现"主之谓"结构的成因及类型学特征,指出其成因与景颇语分析性特点有关,即分析性语言由于以单音节性为主、缺少形态,势必要在一式多义上挖掘潜力。The"subject+of+predicate"structure is a similarity between Jingpo language and ancient Chinese.It is composed of"subject+of+object+predicate"and is mainly used in titles,idioms and proverbs.This paper analyses the attributes and features of the"subject+of+predicate"structure from the synchronic perspective.It is regarded that this structure has two functions,that is,function of subject-predicate structure and that of attributive structure.This structure displays attributive relationship in form but subject-predicate in nature.In this paper,this structure of Jingpo language is compared with that of ancient Chinese,aiming to find the universality and individuality.Some causes of formation and typological features are also explored.The causes are related to analytical features of Jingpo language.Monosyllable form and lack of morpheme are main features of analytical language which has a potential of one form with multiple meanings.

关 键 词：景颇语 主之谓 分析型 

分 类 号：H259[语言文字—少数民族语言]