四百年前漳州方言的音系研究——以《西班牙-华语辞典》音系为例  

Research on Phonetic System of the Zhangzhou Dialect Four Hundred Years Ago

作　　者：马重奇 吴洁 MA Zhong-qi;WU Jie(不详)

机构地区：[1]闽南师范大学闽南文化研究院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2021年第1期20-30,126,127,共13页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“海峡两岸闽南方言动态比较研究”(10ZD&128);闽南师范大学两岸语言文化交流研究中心开放课题“两岸四地漳腔方言语音、词汇比较研究”。

摘　　要：菲律宾圣托马斯(Santo Tomas)大学馆藏的距今近四百年的《西班牙-华语辞典》(Dictionario Hispánico Sinicum)是近年来发现极其重要的十七世纪初叶(明末)闽南方言文献。通过归纳整理《西班牙-华语辞典》声韵调系统,进行该文献音系与清代《福建漳州方言词汇》(1838)、《福建方言字典》(1831)等两种漳州西文方言文献以及现代漳州10个县市方言音系的历史比较,并分别与《汇音妙悟》(1800)、《八音定诀》(1894)、《潮声十五音》(1907)等泉州、厦门、潮汕方言韵书进行排比,我们发现《西班牙-华语辞典》所反映的是十六、十七世纪初叶漳州方言音系,但也掺杂了漳州府其他方言的韵类。Dictionario Hispánico Sinicum collected by Santo Tomas University,Philippines is a very important document of Minnan dialect in the early 17 th century(the late Ming Dynasty),which has a history of four hundred years.Through summary and arrangement of the phonetic system of Dictionario Hispánico Sinicum,a comparison is carried out between the phonetic system of the literature,two kinds of Zhangzhou Western dialect literatures of Vocabulary of A Dictionary of the Hokk?èn(hok kien)Dialect of the Chinese Language(1838)and Vocabulary of the Hok-keen Dialect As Spoken in the Country of Tsheang—tshew(1831)in the Qing Dynasty and the Dialect phonology of 10 counties and cities of Zhanzhou at present.It is also compared with local phonetic dictionaries in Quanzhou,Xiamen,Chaoshan,such as Huiyinmiaowu(1800),Bayindingjue(1894)and Chaosheng Fifteen Yin(1907).It is concluded that what Dictionario Hispánico Sinicum reflected is the phonetic system of Zhangzhou dialect in the early sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and other phonetics of Zhangzhou.

关 键 词：西班牙华语辞典 漳州方言 音系 方言 

分 类 号：H177.2[语言文字—汉语]