不同密封结构对离心泵叶轮轴向窜动的敏感性分析  

Sensitivity of different sealing structures to axial movement of centrifugal pump impeller

作　　者：黎义斌[1,2] 王岩 歹晓晖[1] 王政凯 LI Yibin;WANG Yan;DAI Xiaohui;WANG Zhengkai(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and Systems,Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China;Science and Techonology on Research System Design Technology Laboratory,Nuclear Power Institute of China,Chengdu,Sichuan 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃省流体机械系统重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050 [3]中国核动力研究设计院核反应堆系统设计技术重点实验室,四川成都610213

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2021年第2期122-127,共6页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51866009)。

摘　　要：为了揭示轴向窜动量和离心泵叶轮轴向力及其口环结构的定量关系,针对单口环和双口环2类密封结构,研究了轴向窜动量对泵水力性能和轴向力的影响规律及其机理.结果表明:相比单口环密封结构,双口环密封结构对高压液体泄漏的抑制作用显著,其容积效率较高.额定工况下,双口环密封结构泵扬程和效率均提高0.60%,且试验和数值误差均小于4%;单口环密封结构的总轴向力小于双口环密封结构.转子窜动量显著影响叶轮动反力、盖板力和总轴向力.窜动量ΔL=1 mm时,叶轮做功能力强,泵水力性能达最优;当叶轮向进口窜动时,叶轮做功能力减弱,泵水力性能下降.转子轴向窜动使蜗壳断面形成不对称反向涡团,影响蜗壳和叶轮内速度分布规律.To reveal the quantitative relationship between axial movement,axial force of centrifugal pump impeller and seal-ring structure,the influence and mechanism of axial movement on the hydraulic performance and axial force of centrifugal pump were studied for two types of sealing structures,namely single and double seal-ring.The results show that compared with the single seal-ring structure,the double seal-ring structure has a significant inhibitory effect on high-pressure liquid lea-kage,and its volumetric efficiency is higher.Under rated operating conditions,the head and efficiency of the double seal-ring structure pump are increased by 0.60%,and the experimental and numerical errors are less than 4%;the total axial force of the single seal-ring structure is less than the double seal-ring structure.The rotor axial movement significantly affects the impeller reaction force,shroud force and total axial force.When the axial movementΔL=1 mm,the impeller work capacity is strong and the hydraulic performance of the pump is optimal.When the impeller moves toward the inlet,the impeller work capacity is weakened,resulting in the degradation of hydraulic performance of the pump.The axial movement of the rotor causes the volute section form an asymmetric reverse vortex,which affects the speed distribution law of the volute and impeller.

关 键 词：立式离心泵 口环结构 轴向窜动 外特性 

分 类 号：TH311:S277.9[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]