北京市部分重点人群结核病筛查结果分析  

Analysis of the results of tuberculosis screening in some key population in Beijing

作　　者：李亚敏[1] 高志东[1] 赵鑫[1] 陶荔莹[1] 李艳圆 LI Ya-min;GAO Zhi-dong;ZHAO Xin;TAO Li-ying;LI Yan-yuan(Beijing research institute for tuberculosis control,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]北京结核病控制研究所,100035

出　　处：《首都公共卫生》2020年第6期327-330,共4页Capital Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析近年来北京市部分重点人群结核病筛查情况,了解结核感染现状。方法资料来源于传染病监测系统或专项工作定期收集,分析结核病患者家庭成员和学校密切接触者、高等学校新生等重点人群结核病筛查情况及活动性肺结核检出情况。结果2009-2019年肺结核患者家庭成员密切接触者筛查率为97.1%,有症状者和无症状者检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=892.6,P<0.001)。通过筛查从54543人中共发现肺结核患者393例,肺结核检出率7.2‰。2012-2019年学校肺结核密切接触者筛查率为99.4%,结核菌素(PPD)皮肤试验检查率为96.5%,PPD强阳性率为8.7%,X线胸片检查率为98.6%,从171381名筛查者中共发现活动性肺结核患者649例,活动性肺结核检出率为3.8‰。2013-2019年高等学校入学新生PPD皮肤试验检查率为74.0%,PPD强阳性率为4.2%,PPD强阳性者X线胸片检查率为99.9%,从1121893名新生中共发现活动性肺结核患者580例,活动性肺结核检出率0.5‰。结论通过主动筛查可以发现潜在的肺结核患者,扩大重点人群主动筛查的覆盖面,最大限度发现患者以控制结核病的传播流行。Objective To analyze the status of tuberculosis(TB)screening in some key population in Beijing in recent years,and to understand the current situation of TB infection.Methods The data were collected from“infectious disease surveillance system”affiliated to the China information system for disease control and prevention and special work regularly.The screening and detection data of TB in some key population such as family members of TB patients,close contacts of school,college freshmen were analyzed.Results For close contacts among family members of pulmonary TB patients,the screening rate was 97.1%from 2009 to 2019,and the detection rate of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients was significant difference(χ^2=892.6,P<0.001).A total of 393 pulmonary TB patients were detected from 54543 people,and the detection rate of pulmonary TB was 7.2‰;For close contacts of pulmonary TB in schools,the screening rate was 99.4% from 2012 to 2019,and the examination rate of Purified Protein Derivative of Tuberculin(PPD)skin test was 96.5%,the strong positive rate of PPD was 8.7%,and the chest X-ray examination rate was 98.6%.A total of 649 active pulmonary TB were detected from 171381 people,and the detection rate of active pulmonary TB was 3.8‰;For college freshmen,the examination rate of PPD skin test was 74.0%,and the strong positive rate of PPD was 4.2% from 2013 to 2019.The chest X-ray examination rate of the strong positive freshmen was 99.9%.A total of 580 active pulmonary TB were detected from 1121893 people,and the detection rate of active pulmonary TB was 0.5‰.Conclusions Active screening can find potential TB patients.It is necessary to expand the coverage of active TB screening in key population and maximize the detection of patients in order to control the spread of TB.

关 键 词：肺结核 主动筛查 重点人群 密切接触者 大学新生 

分 类 号：R52[医药卫生—内科学]