进境货物中苍耳属杂草截获与苍耳属分类  

Xanthium interception situation from imported goods and its taxonomic classification

作　　者：田雯 王书平 韩阳春 季琴琴 张曦 沈浩 郭静凤 张士超 印丽萍 Tian Wen;Wang Shuping;Han Yangchun;Ji Qinqin;Zhang Xi;Shen Hao;Guo Jingfeng;Zhang Shichao;Yin Liping(Integrated Technical Service Center of Jiangyin Customs House,Jiangyin 214440,China;Technical Center for Animal Plant and Food Inspection and Quarantine of Shanghai Customs District;Taizhou Customs House)

机构地区：[1]江阴海关综合技术服务中心,江苏江阴214440 [2]上海海关动植物与食品检验检疫技术中心 [3]泰州海关

出　　处：《植物检疫》2021年第1期7-14,共8页Plant Quarantine

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(SQ2017YFSF120024);南京海关科技项目(2018KJ49)。

摘　　要：随着我国进出口贸易的扩大,杂草等有害生物传入我国的风险也大大增加,海关部门从进境货物中截获到大量杂草,其中以苍耳属植物的截获量最大。本文系统分析了2003—2017年我国海关部门截获苍耳种类的情况:全国进境货物中共截获苍耳属杂草28种,70269种次,其中检疫性苍耳26种,56888种次;美国、澳大利亚和巴西是截获苍耳种类最多的3个来源国,占截获总数的69%;截获苍耳种类最多的货物是大豆和羊毛。另外,本文归纳整理了苍耳属的常见分类学说和研究现状,为口岸提供检疫鉴定苍耳属植物的理论支撑。本文也对进境货物检疫查验和后续监管提出管理建议。With the expansion of international trade,the introduction risk of invasive species,including exotic weeds,increases greatly.Among the large number of exotic weeds intercepted by China Customs,Xanthium species made up a big part.In this study,we analyzed the species number and interception times of Xanthium during 2003-2017.28 Xanthium species of 70269 interception times totally were found in entering cargoes,which including 26 quarantine species of 56888 interception.The major original countries were United States,Australia and Brazil accounting 69%of the total.The cargoes containing Xanthium more frequently were soybean and wool.We also summarizes different taxonomic classification studies on Xanthium species hoping to provide scientific data for the identification of Xanthium species at ports.Management suggestions for quarantine and follow-up supervision of imported goods were also put forward.

关 键 词：苍耳属 疫情截获 分类 生物入侵 

分 类 号：S41[农业科学—植物保护] S763[农业科学—森林保护学]