大学生宿舍降尘中邻苯二甲酸酯的污染特征  

Pollution Characteristics of Phthalates in Dust in the College Students’Dormitories

作　　者：王立鑫[1] 王可欣 卓思华 张薇 WANG Li-xin;WANG Ke-xin;ZHUO Si-hua;ZHANG Wei(Beijing Key Laboratory of Heating,Gas Supply,Ventilation and Air Conditioning Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第1期417-422,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51378043);北京建筑大学市属高校基本科研业务费专项资金(X18126)。

摘　　要：邻苯二甲酸酯(phthalic acid esters,PAEs)是一种环境内分泌干扰物,可对人体健康造成危害。选取北京市某高校西城校区大学生宿舍为研究对象,采集宿舍中降尘样品,分析宿舍降尘中PAEs的污染特征。研究结果表明,宿舍降尘中PAEs的检出率为100%,PAEs浓度范围为62.4~1847.3μg/g。降尘中共检出4种PAEs,分别是邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯(diisobutyl phthalate,DIBP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(dibutyl phthalate,DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二环己酯(dicyclohexyl phthalate,DCHP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯[di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,DEHP],检出率范围是11.3%~100%,其中DCHP和DEHP是主要污染物,浓度范围是23.9~922.6μg/g;其次是DBP和DIBP,浓度范围是nd(未检出)~444.4μg/g。宿舍降尘中PAEs的污染程度:女生宿舍>男生宿舍,背阴宿舍>向阳宿舍,表明宿舍内PAEs污染与宿舍朝向和宿舍成员性别有关。大学生PAEs的口入暴露量中值为nd(未检出)~5.68×10^-2μg/(kg·d),DEHP的致癌风险中值为7.95×10^-7,表明大学生宿舍室内PAEs污染较严重,且存在一定的致癌风险,应引起更多关注并加强此方面的研究。Phthalic acid esters(PAEs)are environmental endocrine disruptors which is harmful to the human health.The settled dust was collected from students’dormitories in a university campus in Xicheng District of Beijing to analyze the pollution characteristics of phthalates.The results show that the detection ratio of phthalates in dust is 100%,and the concentration of PAEs is in the range of 62.4~1847.3μg/g.Four types of phthalates are detected in dust,namely diisobutyl phthalate(DIBP),dibutyl phthalate(DBP),dicyclohexyl phthalate(DCHP)and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP),and the detection ratio ranges from 11.3% to 100%.DCHP and DEHP are the main pollutants,and the concentrations are in the range of 23.9~922.6μg/g.The concentrations of DBP and DIBP are nd~444.4μg/g.The pollution level of phthalates in dust is higher in girls’dormitory than in boys’dormitory,and higher in northward dorm than that in southward dorm,which indicates that the indoor phthalate pollution is related to the location of the dorm and the gender of the people living in the dorm.The median of PAEs oral exposure is nd(not detected)~5.68×10^-2μg/(kg·day),and the median of DEHP carcinogenic risk is 7.95×10^-7,which indicating that PAEs pollution in college students’dormitories is serious,and there is a certain carcinogenic risk.More attention and research should be paid to the PAEs exposure of the college students.

关 键 词：宿舍 降尘 邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs) 室内 污染特征 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]