2010-2018年绵阳市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征分析  

Epidemiological Characteristics of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Mianyang City From 2010 to 2018

作　　者：王保东[1] 张驯[1] 张昭[1] 史映红[1] 李永清[1] WANG Baodong;ZHANG Xun;ZHANG Zhao;SHI Yinghong;LI Yongqing(Mianyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan province,China)

机构地区：[1]绵阳市疾病预防控制中心,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2021年第1期62-65,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解2010-2018年绵阳市乙型病毒性肝炎(乙肝)的流行特征,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法,分析绵阳市乙肝发病情况的三间分布,包括高发时间、地区、性别、年龄、职业及不同年份之间的变化趋势,采用SPSS 17.0软件对数据进行分析,率的比较采用χ^2检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2010-2018年绵阳市共报告乙肝29045例,年均发病率为67.92/10万,不同年份之间发病率之间差异有统计学意义,呈波动下降趋势(χ趋势^2=31.906,P<0.01)。男女性别比为1.89∶1,高发年龄组为20~50岁组,0~10岁组报告发病较少,主要人群为农民及家务待业,发病无明显季节性,高发地区为游仙区、平武县和高新区。结论绵阳市乙肝防控形式严峻,2010-2018年期间发病数及发病率无明显的变化趋势,2017年报告发病率最低为62.21/10万,但报告新发病例数为2993例,在高发地区要加强20~50岁农民、家务及待业人群的健康教育宣传活动,除儿童规范接种乙肝疫苗外,20岁以上人群如无乙肝抗体要及时补种乙肝疫苗,同时关注医源感染,从而达到有效控制乙肝流行的目的。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B virus(Hepatitis B)in Mianyang City from 2010 to 2018 in order to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures.Methods Descriptive statistics were used to analyze of the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B incidence in Mianyang,including peak time,region,gender,age,occupation,and trends between different years from 2010 to 2018.Results In 2010-2018,a total of 29045 cases of hepatitis B were reported in Mianyang City,with an average annual incidence of 67.92/105.There was a statistically significant difference in incidence between different years,showing a downward trend(χtrend^2=31.906,P<0.01).The gender ratio is 1.89∶1.The 20 to 50-year group reported high incidence,whereas the 0~10 years old group reported less incidence.The occupations of most cases were farmers and household chores,and there is no obvious seasonality.High incidence areas were Youxian district,Pingwu county,and High-tech zone.Conclusion The status of prevention and control of hepatitis B is severe in Mianyang city.There were no significant changes in incidence from 2010 to 2018.The lowest reported incidence in 2017 was 62.21/10^5,but the number of new cases was 2993.Health education and publicity activities for farmers,household chores and unemployed people aged 20-50 years should be strengthened in high-incidence areas.In addition to children’s standardized vaccination against hepatitis B,people over the age of 20 years should be revaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine if they do not have hepatitis B antibodies.Meanwhile,great attention should be paid to the medical source infection so as to achieve the purpose of effectively controlling the spread of hepatitis B.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 流行特征 防控措施 

分 类 号：R506.2[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]