濒危半红树植物玉蕊对潮汐淹浸逆境的应答特性分析  

Responses of Barringtonia racemosa to Tidal Flooding

作　　者：梁芳[1] 潘艳菊 邓旭[1] 吴玉霜 梁泽锐 赵仕花[1] 檀小辉[2] LIANG Fang;PAN Yanju;DENG Xu;WU Yushuang;LIANG Zerui;ZHAO Shihua;TAN Xiaohui(Yulin Normal University,Yulin,Guangxi 530700,China;Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning,Guangxi 530001,China)

机构地区：[1]玉林师范学院,广西玉林537000 [2]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2020年第12期1346-1356,共11页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660226)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析濒危半红树植物玉蕊对潮汐淹浸逆境的应答特性,为玉蕊在城市内河、滨湖、湿地恢复等景观应用中的适宜淹水时长选择提供科学依据。【方法】以二年生玉蕊实生幼苗为材料,试验模拟半日潮,研究各幼苗在不同淹水时长的潮汐淹浸逆境中的植株形态、生理生化及矿质元素的应答特性。【结果】(1)玉蕊幼苗经过250 d的潮汐淹浸逆境胁迫处理都能存活,其株高、叶片数、叶面积都显著低于对照植株,穿袋株数量、产生气生根及皮孔的数量均显著高于对照组。(2)玉蕊叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素总量(16 h·d^-1除外)整体呈下降趋势;MDA含量整体呈上升趋势(14 h·d^-1除外),并与脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量在淹水10 h·d^-1时达到最大值,且均显著大于CK;(3)淹浸逆境胁迫促进叶片N、P、Fe元素的吸收,但抑制K、Cu元素的吸收。【结论】叶面积、叶片磷元素含量、叶绿素总含量、侧根表面积、CAT活性、POD活性、可溶性蛋白含量是玉蕊应答淹浸胁迫的主要指标;玉蕊对淹水时长≤20 h·d^-1的半日潮淹浸逆境有很强的耐受性和适应性,可配植于城市内河易淹水的岸域、滨湖绿带及淡水湿地等景观环境中。【Objective】Responses of the endangered semi-mangrove Barringtonia racemosa to submergence in tides were studied to determine the adequacy of their planting for urban inland river,lakeside,and wetland restorations or other similar landscape projects.【Method】Two-year-old B.racemosa seedlings were used in the simulated semi-diurnal tide experiment.Morphology,physiology,biochemistry,and mineral contents of the plants in response to tidal submergence for varied durations were monitored.【Result】(1)The seedlings survived 250 d under the flooding treatments,but the plant height,leaf count,and leaf area were significantly lower,while the numbers of aerial roots,piercing plants,and lenticels significantly higher,than those of control.(2)The chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll in the leaves decreased continuously under flooding,except the 16 h·d−1 submergence treatment;MDA increased,except the 14 h·d−1 treatment;and,MDA,proline,and soluble sugars became significantly higher than those of CK and peaked under the 10 h·d−1 treatment.(3)The flooding increased the absorption of N,P,and Fe but inhibited that of K and Cu in the leaves.【Conclusion】The area,the contents of P,total chlorophyll,and soluble protein,and the activities of CAT and POD of leaves as well as the surface area of lateral roots were the major indicators that reflected the responses of B.racemosa to the flooding stress.The plants showed strong tolerance and adaptability to the adversity brought about by the semi-diurnal tides that lasted 20 h·d−1.Thus,B.racemosa could be adequately planted for landscaping at waterfront,lakeshore green belt,and/or freshwater wetland.

关 键 词：玉蕊 半红树植物 濒危 潮汐淹浸 胁迫 

分 类 号：S792[农业科学—林木遗传育种]