Fe基非晶涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响因素及提升措施综述  

A Review of Corrosion Resistance of Fe-based Amorphous Coatings:Influencing Factors and Enhancing Methods

作　　者：翟建树 李春燕[1,2] 田霖 卢煜 寇生中[1,2] ZHAI Jianshu;LI Chunyan;TIAN Lin;LU Yu;KOU Shengzhong(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Reuse of Nonferrous Metals,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院,兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室,兰州730050

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第3期3129-3140,共12页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51861021,51661016,51571105);兰州理工大学红柳一流学科建设计划项目。

摘　　要：非晶合金的结构特点是短程有序,长程无序,不存在晶界和位错等晶体缺陷。Fe基块体非晶合金尽管具有超高的硬度和强度、出色的耐腐蚀和耐磨性,且成本低廉,但是也因非晶形成能力低及室温脆性而大部分以粉末、薄带、毫米棒等形式存在,使其推广和应用受到较大限制。将非晶合金制备成涂层,不仅能有效弥补上述不足,还保留了块体非晶合金固有的特性,已在石油化工、汽车机械、海洋工程等制造和再制造领域获得应用。超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)、等离子喷涂(APS)等技术已被证实能够在钢材基体上制备Fe基非晶涂层。根据诸多研究结果可知,影响Fe基非晶涂层耐腐蚀性能的因素主要有:非晶成分(如Cr、Mo、Ni、Nb等元素)、孔隙率、晶化相、粉末粒径、氧化物、喷涂工艺及参数、外界环境等。同时,研究者们还在提高喷涂非晶涂层耐腐蚀性的工艺措施方面取得了一些成果,包括热处理、封孔处理、激光重熔、氧化处理、离子注入、极化处理等。这些努力极大地推动了Fe基非晶涂层在海洋装备腐蚀防护中的实际应用。本文总结了Fe基非晶涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响因素和提升措施方面的相关研究进展,并简要分析了研究中存在的不足以及未来发展前景。The structural characteristics of amorphous alloys are short-range order,long-range disorder,and no crystal defects such as grain boundaries and dislocations.Fe-based bulk amorphous alloys own lots of merits including ultra-high hardness and strength,excellent corrosion resistance and wear resistance,and low cost,nevertheless exist mostly in the forms of powders,thin strips,millimeter bars,etc.due to low glass forming ability and room-temperature brittleness.This intrinsic shortcoming has become the obstacle to the promotion and application of Fe-based amorphous alloys.Fabricating alloy coatings instead of bulks,despite being regarded as a good solution to this problem,can retain the inherent merits of bulk amorphous alloys,and has found wide application in the manufacturing and remanufacturing fields of petrochemical industry,automotive machinery,and marine engineering.Though high velocity oxy-fuel(HVOF)spraying and air plasma spraying(APS)have been proven competent to coat Fe-based amorphous alloys on surface of steel substrate,the corrosion resistance of the obtained coatings depend on various factors.According to relevant researches,properties of the coating such as amorphous constituents(elements of Cr,Mo,Ni,Nb,etc.),porosity,crystalline phases,oxides generated,and the spraying process including size of particles fed,type of spraying technique,spraying parameters,as well as external factors,all of them influence directly or indirectly the protective effect of Fe-based amorphous alloy coatings against corrosive media.Furthermore,researchers have also acquired helpful outputs in methods to improve corrosion resistance,exemplified by heat treatment,pore-sealing treatment,laser remelting,oxidation treatment,ion injection,and polarization treatment.These achievements benefit largely the practical application of Fe-based amorphous coatings to the corrosion protection of marine equipment.This paper provides a summary of the factors affecting the corrosion resistance of Fe-based amorphous coatings and the measures t

关 键 词：Fe基非晶涂层 耐腐蚀性能 钝化膜 孔隙率 非晶含量 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]