福建地区七叶一枝花主要病虫害发生规律及防治技术  

Occurrence Regularity and Control Techniques of Main Diseases and Insect Pests of Paris Polyphylla in Fujian

作　　者：苏海兰[1] 郑梅霞[1] 肖荣凤[1] 苏宗万 江保东 刘祥凤[3] 王长方[4] 朱育菁[1] SU Hai-lan;ZHENG Mei-xia;XIAO Rong-feng;SU Zong-wan;JIANG Bao-dong;LIU Xiang-feng;WANG Chang-fang;ZHU Yu-jing(Institute of Agricultural Biological Resources, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou,Fujian 350003, China;Guangze County Zhima Forestry Station, Nanping, Fujian 354101, China;Changping Forest Farm, Jinggangshan Forestry Bureau, Jinggangshan, Jiangxi 343600, China;Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350003, China)

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院农业生物资源研究所,福建福州350003 [2]福建省光泽县止马林业站,福建南平354101 [3]井冈山市林业局长坪林场,江西井冈山343600 [4]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所,福建福州350003

出　　处：《福建农业科技》2020年第12期57-60,共4页Fujian Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：福建省科技计划项目——省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2019R1034-9);福建省财政专项——福建省农业科学院科技创新服务团队建设项目(STIT2017-2-8、kjfw20、ZYTS2019011)。

摘　　要：七叶一枝花是一种重要的稀缺中药材,针对福建等省低山丘陵区,春季低温多雨及夏季高温高湿在生产上易出现病虫害多发、倒苗期早、根茎易腐烂及产量低等问题。在福建和江西多年多点重复调查了七叶一枝花病虫害发生的年周期规律、种类和特性,结合病原菌分离纯化鉴定、综合防治技术应用及阅读文献等方法,明确了福建等省低山丘陵区七叶一枝花虫害以豆芫菁为主,病害以灰霉病、茎腐病和根腐病为主,其中根腐病发生率达10%~60%,病情指数10%~20%,并构建了浸种消毒(种植前根茎用多灵菌和生根剂混合液浸泡10 min)、健生栽培及雨前雨后病害防控的综合防控技术,为七叶一枝花安全、优质和高效种植提供精准防控。Paris polyphylla is an important and scarce traditional chinese medicinal material.Due to the low temperature and raininess in spring and the high temperature and humidity in summer in the hilly areas of Fujian and other provinces,it is easy to have the problems of multiple diseases and insect pests,early seedling damping-off,perishable rhizome and low yield in the production.The annual cycle regularity,species and characteristics of the occurrence of diseases and insect pests of Paris polyphylla were investigated repeatedly in Fujian and Jiangxi for many years.By combining the methods of the isolation,purification and identification of pathogenic bacteria,the application of comprehensive control technology and literature reading,it was determined that the main insect pests of Paris polyphylla in the hilly areas of Fujian and other provinces were Epicauta gorhami Marseul and the main diseases were grey mould,stem rot and root rot,among which the incidence rate of root rot was 10%-60 and the disease index was 10%-20%.Then,the comprehensive prevention and control technology was established including seed soaking and sterilizing(soaking the rhizomes with a mixture of carbendazim and rooting agent for 10 min before planting),healthy cultivation and disease prevention and control before and after rain,in order to provide the precise prevention and control for the safe,high-quality and efficient planting of Paris polyphylla.

关 键 词：七叶一枝花 病虫害 发生规律 防治技术 

分 类 号：S567、239[农业科学—中草药栽培]