重庆地区哮喘儿童生命早期高危因素及过敏原分布调查分析  

Investigation on early life risk factors and allergen distribution of children asthma in Chongqing

作　　者：刘香 李雪梅[1] 蒋静[1] 谢伍刚 王成秀[3] 曾书旬 LIU Xiang;LI Xuemei;JIANG Jing;XIE Wugang;WANG Chengxiu;ZENG Shuxun(Department of Pediatric,Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children,Chongqing 401147,China;Department of Pediatric,Chongqing Hechuan District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Chongqing 401520,China;Department of Pediatric,the Fifth People′s Hospital of Chongqing,Chongqing 400062,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市妇幼保健院儿科,401147 [2]重庆市合川区妇幼保健院儿科,401520 [3]重庆市第五人民医院儿科,400062

出　　处：《重庆医学》2021年第3期500-504,共5页Chongqing medicine

基　　金：重庆市科学技术委员会基金资助项目(cstc2016jcyjA0324)。

摘　　要：目的调查重庆地区哮喘儿童生命早期高危因素及过敏原分布情况,为区域化早期防控提供经验。方法问卷调查310例哮喘患儿的产前、产后易感因素和过敏原皮肤点刺试验(SPT)结果,并与同期310例正常儿童进行比较,采用二项logistic回归进行独立危险因素分析。结果产前哮喘影响单因素有10项,包括:母孕期吸烟、接触宠物、剖宫产、血亲患哮喘或过敏性鼻炎、儿童被动吸烟、1岁内使用抗生素或退热药、有过敏性鼻炎或湿疹病史。两组食物及吸入过敏原SPT结果比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic分析显示,母孕期吸烟、血亲哮喘或过敏性鼻炎家族史、儿童过敏性鼻炎、1岁内使用抗生素、花生或尘螨SPT阳性是哮喘发病的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论积极识别儿童哮喘的高危影响因素对哮喘的早期预防、早期诊断和控制有着重要意义。Objective To investigate the distribution of high-risk factors and allergens in early life of children with asthma in Chongqing,and provide experience for regionalized early prevention and control.Methods A questionnaire was conducted to investigate the prenatal and postpartum susceptibility factors and allergen skin prick test(SPT)results of 310 asthma children.The results were compared with 310 normal children in the same period.Binomial logistic regression was used to analyze independent risk factors.Results There were 10 single factors affecting prenatal asthma,including:smoking during pregnancy,pet contact,cesarean section,blood relatives suffering from asthma or allergic rhinitis,passive smoking in children,antibiotics or antipyretics within 1 year old,allergic rhinitis or a history of eczema.The comparison of the SPT results of food and inhaled allergens between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic analysis showed that smoking during pregnancy,family history of blood-related asthma or allergic rhinitis,allergic rhinitis in children,antibiotics used within 1 year old,peanut or dust mite SPT positive were independent risk factors for asthma(P<0.05).Conclusion Actively identifying the high-risk factors of childhood asthma is of great significance for the early prevention,early diagnosis and control of asthma.

关 键 词：哮喘 儿童 过敏反应 危险因素 LOGISTIC模型 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]