大气降水化学特征分析——以佛山市禅城区为例  

Analysis on Chemical Characteristics of Atmospheric Precipitation——A Case Study of Chancheng District in Foshan City

作　　者：关共凑 魏兴琥 张洪华 GUAN Gongcou;WEI Xinghu;ZHANG Honghua(Institute of Environment and Chemical Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院环境与化学工程学院,广东佛山528000

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2021年第1期104-108,共5页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41571091);省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201811847129);佛山市科学技术局项目(2018AB003561)。

摘　　要：为了解佛山市禅城区大气降水化学特征,该研究于2018年1~12月采集禅城区大气降水样品,测定降雨量、pH值、电导率和SO4^2−、NO3^−、NO^2−、F^−、Cl^−、Ca2^+、Mg2^+、K^+、Na^+和NH4^+等阴阳离子。结果表明,2018年佛山市禅城区降雨量为2058.6 mm,主要集中在5~9月份;pH值在3.95~6.47之间,年均值为5.35,pH值春、夏季较低,秋、冬季较高,酸雨频率为46.0%;电导率在3.51~100.40μS/cm之间,年均值为22.48μS/cm;降水离子浓度所占比例大小顺序为:NO3^−>SO4^2−>Cl^−>NH4^+>Ca2^+>NO2^−>K^+>Na^+>Mg2^+>F^−,其中NO3^−和SO4^2−是降水中主要的阴离子,NH4^+和Ca2^+是主要的阳离子,这4种离子占总离子的76.0%;除个别离子外,春季和冬季各离子浓度较秋季高,而夏季最低,阴阳离子之间存在着显著或极显著正相关关系。In order to analyze the chemical characteristics of the atmospheric precipitation of Chancheng District in Foshan,the parameters of rainfall,pH,electrical conductivity and concentrations of anions and cations,such as SO4^2−,NO3^−,NO2^−,F^−,Cl^−,Ca2^+,Mg2^+,K^+,Na^+,NH4^+,were measured with the samples collected from January to December 2018.The results indicated that the rainfall in 2018 was 2058.6 mm,mainly concentrated from May to September.The pH value ranged from 3.95 to 6.47,with an average annual value of 5.35.The pH value was lower in spring and summer than that in autumn and winter,and the frequency of acid rain was 46.0%.The range of electrical conductivity was from 3.51 to 100.40μS/cm,and the average annual value was 22.48μS/cm.The order of the concentration of precipitation ions was as following,NO3^−>SO4^2−>Cl^−>NH4^+>Ca2^+>NO2^−>K^+>Na^+>Mg2^+>F^−.NO3^− and SO4^2− were the main anions in the precipitation,NH4^+ and Ca2^+ were the main cations.And these four ions accounted for 76.0% of the total ions.Except for a few ions,the concentration of ions in spring and winter was higher than that in autumn,and the lowest concentration occurred in summer.Moreover,there was a significant positive correlation between anions and cations.

关 键 词：禅城区 大气降水 化学特征 离子 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]