黄河宁蒙段凌汛洪水风险分类及其分布特征  被引量:3

Classification and Distribution Characteristics of Ice Flood Risk in the Ningxia⁃Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River

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作  者:田福昌 王艳鹏 王秀杰[1] TIAN Fuchang;WANG Yanpeng;WANG Xiujie(State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区:[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300350

出  处:《人民黄河》2021年第2期49-52,69,共5页Yellow River

基  金:国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508403);天津大学自主创新基金“战略性布局-产学研培育”资助项目(2020XZC-0002);科技部重点领域创新团队项目(2014RA4031);国家自然科学基金委创新团队项目(51621092)。

摘  要:针对黄河宁蒙段凌汛灾害频繁发生、灾害损失严重、风险防控困难等问题,通过历史凌汛灾害资料分析与现场调研考察,研究了黄河宁蒙段凌汛洪水风险分类及其分布特征。凌汛洪水风险主要分为壅水漫滩风险、穿堤沟渠凌洪倒灌风险、凌洪漫溃堤风险和工程设施破坏风险,三湖河口至头道拐河段的冰塞冰坝壅水漫滩风险与凌洪漫溃堤风险比较大,宁夏段穿堤沟渠凌洪倒灌风险大于内蒙古段的,不同类别凌汛洪水风险的分布具有险点多、险段长、影响范围广等特征。Aiming at the frequent occurrence of ice flood disasters,serious disaster losses and difficulties in risk prevention and control in the Ningxia⁃Inner Mongolia Reach of the Yellow River(NMRYR),the classification and distribution characteristics of ice flood risk in the NMRYR were studied through disaster data analysis and field investigation.The results show that the ice flood risk is mainly divided into the risk of riverbank inundation caused by backwater,the risk of backward flow in dike⁃through drainage ditches,the risk of overflow and levee⁃breach ice flood and the risk of damage to engineering facilities.The risk of riverbank inundation caused by backwater and overflow and levee⁃breach ice flood in the reach of Sanhuhekou⁃Toudaoguai is higher than other reaches.The risk of backward flow in dike⁃through drainage dit⁃ches in Ningxia section of the Yellow River is greater than that in Inner Mongolia section.The ice flood risk distribution has the characteristics of many danger points,long danger section and wide influence range.

关 键 词:凌汛洪水风险 壅水漫滩 沟渠倒灌 凌洪漫溃堤 冰塞冰坝 黄河宁蒙段 

分 类 号:TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TV882.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]

 

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