晋西黄土丘陵区土地利用变化及生态效应分析  

Analysis of Land Use Change and Ecological Effects in the Loess Hilly Region of Western Shanxi Province

作　　者：郭彦君 郭文炯 GUO Yanjun;GUO Wenjiong(School of Geography Science,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China;Shanxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Coordinated Urban and Rural Development,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西晋中030619 [2]太原师范学院山西省城乡统筹协同创新中心,山西晋中030619

出　　处：《人民黄河》2021年第2期106-111,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(41701191)。

摘　　要：晋西黄土丘陵区是黄河流域水土流失严重区和重点治理区,也是国家重点生态功能区,揭示其土地利用变化及生态环境变化趋势,对黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展特别是水土保持、植被恢复策略的调整优化具有重要的参考价值。利用1980年、2000年、2010年、2018年土地利用/覆被数据,对晋西黄土丘陵区各类土地增减转移、动态变化程度进行分析,并采用土地覆被状况指数、生态环境质量指数及土地转型的生态贡献率等指标,分析了土地利用类型变化的生态环境效应。结果表明:1980年以来土地利用变化较为显著,耕地面积减少497 km~2,林草地小幅增长,建设用地成倍扩张;土地利用类型转移较为频繁,山地丘陵是土地转型热点区域,耕地向草地转化为主流;近40 a来综合土地利用动态度为0.15%,2000—2010年土地利用类型变化相对剧烈;土地覆被状况指数和生态环境质量指数均有所提高,整体向好发展,各类用地转为高覆盖度草地和林地是促进生态环境改善的主要因素。The loess hilly region of western Shanxi Province,one of the national key ecological function zones,is a serious soil erosion area which has already been listed as the key control area.The research on land use change and ecological environment change trends in this area can provide important reference for the ecological protection and high⁃quality development of the Yellow River basin,especially for the adjust⁃ment and optimization of soil and water conservation and vegetation restoration strategies.Based on the land use/cover data of 1980,2000,2010,and 2018,this paper analyzed the area change,transfer and dynamic degree of various types of lands in study area.It also made fur⁃ther research on eco⁃environmental effects under the changes of land use type through the indicators such as land cover condition index,eco⁃environmental quality index and ecological contribution rate of land transformation.The result shows that since 1980,significant change has occurred in the land use in which the cultivated land area has decreased by 497 km2,the woodland and grassland have increased slightly,and the construction land has expanded exponentially.Frequent transfer happens in land use types,among which mountainous and hilly areas are hot spots and the conversion of cultivated land to grassland is the mainstream.For the past 40 years,the dynamic degree of comprehensive land use is 0.15%,which is relatively drastic from 2000 to 2010.Both land cover condition index and eco⁃environmental quality index have been improved,which reflects the good trend of overall development.Land conversion to high⁃coverage grassland or woodland is the main fac⁃tor to promote the improvement of the ecological environment.

关 键 词：土地利用/覆被变化 土地利用转型 生态环境效应 黄土丘陵区 晋西 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]