白洋淀不同沉水植物盖度下浮游植物群落结构及变化  

Phytoplankton Community Structure in Baiyangdian Lake with Different Submerged Macrophyte Coverages

作　　者：张军旺 谢骏[1,3] 李志斐 张晓可[4] 王广军 张凯 刘阳[1,2] 肖国华 ZHANG Jun-wang;XIE Jun;LI Zhi-fei;ZHANG Xiao-ke;WANG Guang-jun;ZHANG Kai;LIU Yang;XIAO Guo-hua(Pearl River Fishery Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Key Laboratory of Tropical&Subtropical Fishery Resource Application and Cultivation,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510380,P.R.China;College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,P.R.China;Guangdong Ecological Remediation of Aquaculture Pollution Research Center,Guangzhou 510380,P.R.China;Research Center of Aquatic Organism Conservation and Water Ecosystem Restoration in Anhui Province,Anqing Normal University,Anqing 246133,P.R.China;Ocean Fisheries Research Institute of Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao 066200,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,农业部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室,广州510380 [2]上海海洋大学,水产与生命学院,上海201306 [3]广东省水产养殖污染修复生态工程研究中心,广州510380 [4]安庆师范大学水生生物保护与水生态修复安徽省高校工程技术研究中心,安庆246133 [5]河北省海洋与水产科学研究院,秦皇岛066200

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2021年第1期75-83,共9页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：农业农村部财政专项(2130106-ZJBYD)。

摘　　要：为研究不同沉水植物盖度下浮游植物群落结构及变化规律,为水域生态修复提供科学依据,在白洋淀选取了4个盖度水平区域,分别为25%、50%、75%和90%(C-25、C-50、C-75、C-90),对照区域(C-0)结合水体理化参数和浮游植物群落结构特征,评价出沉水植物的最佳盖度。结果表明,沉水植物组均可有效降低水体总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)、溶解性固体总量(TDS)和电导率(SPC),而C-50组的TN和TP浓度最低。对浮游植物群落结构分析发现1)沉水植物组浮游植物种类数高于对照组,各组绿藻门比例最高且均在50%以上;2)C-50组蓝藻门优势种最少且比例显著低于其他组(P<0.05);3)浮游植物密度和生物量随沉水植物盖度的增加而降低,且占比最大的分别是蓝藻门和绿藻门;4)Margalef指数随盖度增加表现出先上升后降低的趋势;而Shannon-Weiner指数和Pielou指数随盖度的增加而增大;5)RDA表明,C-90、C-75和C-0组的浮游植物群落主要受TDS、SPC、pH、叶绿素a、高锰酸钾指数和透明度等环境因子的影响;C-50和C-25组浮游植物群落受环境因子的影响较小,说明水生态系统较稳定且受环境的影响小。鉴于盖度为50%时,TDS、SPC、TN和TP浓度最低;蓝藻门比例和优势种较低,Margalef指数最高,在水生态保护或修复时,建议沉水植物盖度以50%为宜。Research shows that submerged macrophytes within an appropriate coverage range benefits nutrient uptake and stabilizes aquatic ecosystems. Baiyangdian Lake is the largest shallow lake in the North China Plain. It consists of more than 100 small and shallow lakes connected to each other by thousands of channels, and the submerged macrophyte coverage varies greatly between different water areas. In this study, we investigated the phytoplankton community structure under different macrophyte coverages and determined the optimal submerged macrophyte coverage, based on the physical and chemical parameters of water body and phytoplankton community characteristics. The objective was to provide a theoretical basis for ecological restoration in Baiyangdian Lake. In July 2018, the phytoplankton community and related environmental factors were investigated in the Shihoudian area of Baiyangdian Lake. Five submerged macrophyte coverages were set in triplicate: C-0(0%), C-25(25%), C-50(50%), C-75(75%) and C-90(90%). All macrophyte coverages effectively reduced total nitrogen(TN), total phosphorus(TP), total dissolved solids(TDS) and specific conductance(SPC), but the concentrations of TN and TP were lowest with the C-50 treatment. The number of phytoplankton species was higher in the treatment groups than in the control group(C-0), with dominance by Chlorophyta species in all groups(>50% of total species). The dominant Cyanophyta species in group C-50 were the least dominant group of species and the proportion was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05). Phytoplankton density and biomass decreased as macrophyte coverage increased, with Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta dominating all groups. The Shannon-Weiner diversity and Pielou evenness indices of the phytoplankton community increased with coverage, while the Margalef richness index initially increased, then decreased with increasing macrophyte coverage. Redundancy analysis shows that phytoplankton communities in C-90, C-75 and C-0 were primarily affected by the envir

关 键 词：盖度 沉水植物 白洋淀 浮游植物群落结构 

分 类 号：X820.6[环境科学与工程—环境工程]