底质类型与正反扦插对轮叶黑藻生长生理的影响  

Effects of Sediment Type and Positive/Negative Cutting on Growth and Physiology of Hydrilla verticillata

作　　者：蔺庆伟[1] 靳同霞[1] 马剑敏[1] 张义[2] 刘碧云[2] 贺锋[2] 吴振斌[2] LIN Qing-wei;JIN Tong-xia;MA Jian-min;ZHANG Yi;LIU Bi-yun;HE Feng;WU Zhen-bin(College of Life Sciences,Henan Normal University,Xinxiang 453007,P.R.China;Institute of hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430070,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学生命科学学院,河南新乡453007 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《水生态学杂志》2021年第1期91-100,共10页Journal of Hydroecology

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金(2019M662498);国家“十二五”水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07101-007);河南省自然科学基金(182300410147)。

摘　　要：底质是沉水植物扎根生长并稳定繁衍的基本条件,不同类型底质物化特性存在差异。为了探究沉水植物大规模引植过程中产生形态学顶端颠倒现象对其恢复生长的影响,通过室内水族缸模拟实验和杭州西湖茅家埠湖区原位盆栽实验,研究不同类型底质(湖泥、湖泥+沙子、沙子、黄土)和正反向扦插对轮叶黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata)生长形态及生理指标的影响。结果显示,不同底质类型对黑藻生物量积累、分蘖数等形态指标影响显著(P<0.05),湖泥中黑藻生长最佳,其增加生物量(6.27 g)、分蘖数(19.8枝)在4种底质中最大;其次为黄土(5.14 g和18.8枝),其能促进植株和根系伸长;叶绿素、蛋白含量、超氧化物歧化酶活性及丙二醛测定结果进一步印证以上结果。各种底质中,反向扦插处理的黑藻分蘖数和根数较正向扦插均有显著减少,尤其是黄土底质中,反向比正向扦插分别减少10.2枝和22.8根,生物量降低2.961 g,但不影响最终形态学上端的形成。西湖茅家埠原位实验表明,在含水率和营养较低的底质中,盆栽黑藻长势相对优于含水率和营养较高底质中的黑藻,且同一底质盆栽于原位时比异位时更有利于生物量积累。建议恢复沉水植被时可以适当改良底质,尤其是物理特性,种植时需区分植物形态学的上下端。研究结果可为不同类型底质的浅水湖泊沉水植物群落恢复提供参考。Sediment is the substrate on which submerged plants to take root, grow and reproduce. Different types of sediment vary in physicochemical characteristics and directly affect the growth of submerged plants. Moreover, topological inversion of plant morphology occurs during large-scale reproduction of submerged plants, influencing the recovery and growth of submerged plants. In this study, the effects of four sediment types(lake mud, lake mud+sand, sand and clay) and positive/negative cutting on the growth morphology and physiology of Hydrilla verticillata were studied using a laboratory aquarium experiment and an in-situ container experiment in the Maojiabu area of Hangzhou West Lake. The laboratory experiment(July 7-20, 2014), with each sediment type included positive and reverse cutting of H. verticillata. The four sediment types were placed in aquaria maintained at(27.3±0.4)℃ and average light intensity(24 900±130) lx, with eight repetitions per sediment type. The in-situ experiment(September 17-October 16, 2014) was carried out at two sites, with the different sediment types in containers at(23.8±0.4)℃ and average light intensity(21 600±110) lx. Morphological and physiological indices of H. verticillata were measured at the end of each trial. Among the sediment types there were significant differences in biomass, number of tillers and other morphological indices(P<0.05). H. verticillata grew best in the lake mud type of sediment, with the largest average biomass(6.27 g) and tiller number(19.8), followed by the clay(biomass, 5.14 g;tiller number,18.8). The clay also benefitted H. verticillata height and root system development. Measurements of chlorophyll, protein, malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity confirmed these findings. The increase of tiller and root number and the biomass of H. verticillata were significantly affected by reverse cutting, with average values, respectively, of 1.6-10.2, 4.6-22.8 and 0.26-2.96 g, but the morphology of the upper plant was not affected. For the i

关 键 词：底质类型 轮叶黑藻 正反扦插 生长形态 生理指标 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]