等效靶弹药空气中爆炸威力评估  

Evaluation for charge explosion power in the air based on equivalent target

作　　者：陈艳 林玉亮[1] 李翔宇[1] 张玉武 卢芳云[1] CHEN Yan;LIN Yuliang;LI Xiangyu;ZHANG Yuwu;LU Fangyun(College of Arts and Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学文理学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《中国测试》2021年第1期15-21,35,共8页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11672329)。

摘　　要：针对传统的冲击波压力电测法操作复杂且易受干扰的问题,提出基于等效靶塑性变形的炸药爆炸威力评估方法。首先进行小当量立姿等效靶板变形试验,并基于实验结果确定适用于有限元数值模拟的模型;其次,使用量纲分析方法简化等效靶变形的理论模型,建立靶板中心最终变形挠度与爆炸当量、爆炸距离的关系;进一步结合实验数据与数值模拟结果,得出通过靶板变形挠度反演爆炸当量的计算公式,提出采用系列等效靶变形数据进行爆炸当量反演的评估方法。通过小当量试验和大当量数值模拟算例对该方法进行验证,在等效靶变形数据足够多的情况下,可以将反演爆炸当量误差控制在15%以内,满足一般工程评估精度要求。In order to eliminate the complexity and interference in traditional electric measurement of shock wave parameter, a method to evaluate explosion power based on plastic deformation of equivalent target was proposed. Some experiments of small-scale explosive charges were carried out to study the deformation of equivalent target, and the model of the finite element analysis were corrected by these experimental results.Simplified theoretical model of equivalent target deformation using dimensional analysis. Furthermore, the relationship between central deflection of the equivalent target and explosive TNT equivalent, explosion distance was established. Combining experimental data and numerical simulation data, a formula to calculate TNT equivalent based on the deformation of equivalent target was built, and a test method for explosive equivalent inversion using a series of equivalent targets was proposed. The test method is verified by smallscale explosion tests and large-scale explosion results from numerical simulation. The results show that relative error between TNT equivalent predicted by this method and real value can be controlled within 15% if enough valid deformation data are obtained, which is enough for engineering assessment.

关 键 词：爆炸力学 等效靶 威力评估 爆炸当量 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]