6061铝合金环形锻件动态力学性能与失效行为  

Dynamic mechanical properties and failure behavior on 6061 aluminum alloy annular forgings

作　　者：于金程 陈玉平 许桂林 王骏[1] Yu Jincheng;Chen Yuping;Xu Guilin;Wang Jun(School of Mechanical Technology,Wuxi Institute of Technology,Wuxi 214121,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡职业技术学院机械技术学院,江苏无锡214121

出　　处：《锻压技术》2021年第1期179-185,共7页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：江苏省产学研合作项目(BY2019043);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究面上项目(17KJD430006)。

摘　　要：为了研究6061铝合金环形锻件在冲击载荷下的动态力学性能和失效行为,在室温下分别采用分离式霍普金森压杆装置(SHPB)与冲击摆锤试验机测试其动态压缩力学性能与动态冲击力学性能,并利用金相显微镜(OM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对冲击试样进行了组织和断口的显微分析。结果表明:6061铝合金环形锻件在室温、高应变率下具有正应变率强化效应,经过固溶处理、时效处理后,其动态压缩强度逐渐提高,在3300 s^-1应变率下具有最大动态压缩强度,为365 MPa,而其塑性逐渐降低;室温下,6061铝合金环形锻件在固溶处理后具有相对优异的综合冲击性能,其最大冲击功为17.2 J,最大冲击韧性为215.1 k J·m^-2;锻后的冲击断裂为韧性断裂,固溶后的断裂为韧、脆混合断裂,时效后的断裂为脆性断裂。For studging the dynamic mechanical properties and failure behavior of 6061 aluminum alloy annular forgings under impact load,its dynamic compression mechanical properties and dynamic impact mechanical properties at room temperature were tested respectively by the split hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB)and pendulum impact testing machine,and the structure and fracture for specimens after impact were analyzed by optical microscope(OM)and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that the 6061 aluminum alloy annular forgings have a positive strain rate strengthening effect at room temperature and high strain rate.After solution treatment and aging treatment,its dynamic compressive strength increases gradually with the maximum dynamic compressive strength of 365 MPa under the strain rate of 3300 s^-1,while the ductility decreases gradually.At room temperature,after solution treatment,the 6061 aluminum ally annular forgings show relatively excellent comprehensive impact performance with the maximum impact power of 17.2 J and the maximum impact toughness of 215.1 k J·m^-2.The impact fracture after forging is ductile fracture,the fracture after solution is ductile and brittle mixed fracture,and the fracture after aging is brittle fracture.

关 键 词：6061铝合金 环形锻件 动态压缩 冲击 失效行为 

分 类 号：TG146.21[金属学及工艺—金属材料]