城市大气CH4和CO2浓度的车载移动观测分析  

Analysis on Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Methane Concentrations by Using Mobile Vehicle-Mounted Observations in Urban Routes

作　　者：张馨木 胡凝[1,2] 肖薇[1,2] 刘寿东[1,2] 张雪[1] 张舒茵 ZHANG Xinmu;HU Ning;XIAO Wei;LIU Shoudong;ZHANG Xue;ZHANG Shuyin(Yale-NUIST Center on Atmospheric Environment,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology,Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Langfang Meteorological Bureau of Hebei Province,Langfang 065000,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学大气环境中心,江苏南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学江苏省农业气象重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [3]河北省廊坊市气象局,河北廊坊065000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2020年第8期83-89,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41505096,41675016);南京信息工程大学大学生实践创新训练计划项目(201610300167,201810300226)。

摘　　要：城市是CO2、CH4等温室气体的主要来源,对全球碳收支有显著的贡献。该研究利用车载温室气体观测系统,选择了贯穿南京主城区的3条线路,进行了为期4 d的大气CO2和CH4浓度的流动观测。结果表明,大气CO2与CH4浓度变化的主控因子不同,有着截然不同的时间变化特征。CO2呈现"双峰型"变化,峰值出现在早、晚高峰;而大气CH4为昼低夜高的"V"型分布,最高值出现在凌晨。其次,大气CO2和CH4浓度存在明显的周末效应,工作日平均要比周末高。最后,大气CO2、CH4的低浓度出现频率明显高于高浓度。CO2浓度超过696.9μmol/mol、CH4浓度超过4.7μmol/mol的观测点仅占1.16%和1.34%,这些高值点从城市中心向四周逐渐减少。研究结果可为区域碳源、汇空间格局的分析提供数据。Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane are mainly from cities,which has a significant contribution to the global carbon balance.Four-day mobile vehicle-mounted observations were conducted to measure atmospheric CO2 and CH4 concentration on three routes through the main urban area of Nanjing.The results show that the main controlling factors of atmospheric CO2 and CH4 concentration are different,which lead to different temporal variation characteristics.The diurnal variation of atmospheric CO2 concentration showed an obvious"bimodal"characteristic with two peaks appeared in the rush hours,while the diurnal variation of atmospheric CH4 concentration showed a"V-shaped"distribution with a peak value in the early morning.Then there is an obvious weekend effect,with atmospheric CO2 and CH4 concentrations during weekdays higher than those on weekends.Finally,the frequency of low CO2 and CH4 concentrations were significantly more than those of high concentrations.Only 1.16%and 1.34%of the observation sites with CO2 concentrations exceeding 696.9μmol/mol and CH4 concentrations exceeding 4.7μmol/mol were observed,and these high values taper off from the center of the city.The results can provide data to analyze the spatial pattern of regional carbon sources and sinks in cities.

关 键 词：城市 车载观测 CO2浓度 CH4浓度 时空分布 

分 类 号：X501[环境科学与工程—环境工程]