添加腐熟堆肥对厨余垃圾堆肥腐殖质形成的影响  

Effect of Matured Compost Addition on the Formation of Humus in Kitchen Waste Composting

作　　者：徐成 刘国涛[1] 王政 郭绍鑫 XU Cheng;LIU Guotao;WANG Zheng;GUO Shaoxin(Key Laboratory of the Ecological Environment of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area of MOE,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400045

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2020年第8期122-127,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：重庆市社会事业与生计保障科技创新重点项目(cstc2017 shms-zdyf 0050)。

摘　　要：以不同比例的腐熟堆肥作为添加剂,在自制的强制通风好氧反应器内进行厨余垃圾高温堆肥,文章研究了添加腐熟堆肥对堆肥温度、腐殖质各组分、腐殖质前体和氧化还原类酶活性等的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,添加适量腐熟堆肥延长了55℃以上高温的持续时间(1~3 d);堆肥结束时,实验组的可提取腐殖酸碳、富里酸碳和胡敏酸碳含量均降至初始值以下,显著高于对照(P<0.05),但胡富比比对照平均低5.9%,E4/E6值则平均高20.0%;添加腐熟堆肥增加了堆肥过程中的还原糖、多酚和氨基酸含量,提高了脱氢酶活性和多酚氧化酶活性,降低了过氧化氢酶活性。综上,添加腐熟堆肥有利于厨余垃圾堆肥腐殖质的形成与积累,能有效降低腐殖质损失率,显著提高腐殖质含量,但也会抑制堆肥过程中腐殖质聚合度和芳构化程度的增长。Mixed with matured compost in different proportions,an experiment of kitchen waste composting was carried out in six self-made static forced-aeration composting reactors to investigate the effect of adding matured compost on the formation of humus.The dynamic changes of temperature,humus content and other relevant parameters were monitored and studied.Results showed that,adding proper amount of matured compost improved the duration of high temperature(>55℃)by1~3 d.During the composting,the content of extractable humus carbon(HS-C),humic acid carbon(HA-C),fulvic acid carbon(FA-C)gradually decreased,and were significantly higher than the control(P<0.05).However,the average HA/FA ratio(DP)in experimental groups was 5.9%lower than the control,while the average E4/E6 ratio was 20.0%higher.Adding matured compost increased the content of reducing sugar,amino acids,polyphenols,improved the activities of dehydrogenase,polyphenol oxidase,while it decreased the activity of catalase in composting.Therefore,in kitchen waste composting,adding matured compost could promote the synthesis and accumulation process of humus,reduce its degradation rate,but it would also inhibit the growth of condensation and aromatization degree of humus.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 腐熟堆肥 腐殖质 腐殖质前体 氧化还原类酶 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]