分散式污水处理工艺跌水装置设计与充氧性能研究  

Design of Falling Water Device and Study on Oxygenation Performance in Decentralized Sewage Treatment Process

作　　者：商光琦 余太平 孙士权[1,2,3] 梁焱 李文祺 宋欣 张伟 吴方同 万俊力[1,2,3] 谭万春 SHANG Guangqi;YU Taiping;SUN Shiquan;LIANG Yan;LI Wenqi;SONG Xin;ZHANG Wei;WU Fangtong;WAN Junli;TAN Wanchun(School of Hydraulic Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;Engineering and Technical Center of Hunan Provincial Environmental Protection for River-Lake Dredging Pollution Control,Changsha 410114,China;Hubei Urban Construction Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430051,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]湖南省环境保护河湖疏浚污染控制工程技术中心,湖南长沙410114 [4]湖北省城建设计院股份有限公司,湖北武汉430051

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2020年第8期156-162,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51309032);湖南省交通运输厅科技进步与创新项目(201802);湖南省教育厅优秀青年基金项目(17B014);水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室项目(2016490911);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX2018B554);湖南省重点领域研发项目:环洞庭湖水环境生态综合治理与资源绿色利用技术创新示范(2019SK2191)。

摘　　要：跌水曝气是降低分散式污水处理运行费用的最佳选择之一,为优化跌水曝气充氧效率,作者设计了一套适于分散式污水工艺的跌水曝气装置,并对其进行充氧性能试验。结果表明,在一定的跌水高度和流量范围内,装置充氧效率与跌水高度、流量成正比;装置设有跌水紊流穿孔板明显比无跌水紊流穿孔板充氧性能高,穿孔板孔径为5 mm时充氧效率最高;试验分别得到了有无跌水紊流穿孔板条件下氧的总转移系数经验公式;污水充氧性能试验表明,充氧效率与进水COD浓度成反比,随着COD浓度的升高,氧总转移修正系数α降低,且随跌水高度的增加而增高但增长率较为缓慢。跌水曝气装置可用于地形有落差的村镇污水处理工艺而降低机械曝气运行费用。Falling water aeration is one of the best choices to reduce the operation cost of decentralized rural sewage treatment.In order to optimize the oxygenation efficiency of falling water aeration,a set of falling water aeration device suitable for decentralized sewage treatment was developed and its oxygenation performance was tested.The results show that within a certain range of water drop height and flow rate,the oxygenation efficiency of the device is proportional to the water drop height and flow rate.The aeration efficiency of the perforated plate with falling turbulence is obviously higher than that of the perforated plate without falling turbulence,and the aeration efficiency is the highest when the aperture of the perforated plate is 5 mm.The test results obtained the empirical formula of the total oxygen transfer coefficient with and without falling water turbulence perforated plate respectively.The sewage oxygenation performance test shows that the oxygenation efficiency is inversely proportional to chemical oxygen demand(COD)concentration.With the increase of COD concentration,the correction coefficientαdecreases.With the increase of the falling height,the oxygenation efficiency increases but the growth rate is quite slow.The falling water aeration device can be used for the rural sewage treatment process with a fall in topography,thus reducing the operation cost of mechanical aeration.

关 键 词：分散式污水处理 跌水曝气 充氧效率 

分 类 号：X703.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]