2016—2019年北海市人民医院流行性感冒流行病学特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of influenza in Beihai People’s Hospital from 2016 to 2019.

作　　者：叶大汝 周雯 冯勇[1] 陈朝晖[1] 莫坚[1] 李秋容 叶家萍 YE Da-ru;ZHOU Wen;FENG Yong;CHEN Zhao-hui;MO Jian;LI Qiu-rong;YE Jia-ping(Department of Prevention and Health Protection,Beihai People’s Hospital,Beihai 536000,Guangxi,CHINA)

机构地区：[1]北海市人民医院预防保健科,广西北海536000

出　　处：《海南医学》2021年第3期393-397,共5页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析北海市人民医院近年来流行性感冒(简称“流感”)的流行特征和病毒变化。方法从《国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统》中导出北海市人民医院2016—2019年报告的流感病例资料,应用Logistic回归分析和χ2检验方法对流感病例的流行特征和病毒检测结果进行分析。结果2016—2019年北海市人民医院共报告流感病例2566例,其中2019年报告1982例;报告病例数男性(1398例)较高,年龄集中在25~59岁(790例),发患者群以散居儿童为主(1402例),发病高峰在12月至次年1月;共检出流感病毒833株,其中,甲型流感485株(H1N1289株),乙型流感348株(Victoria 194株)。15~24岁年龄段者患乙型流感的风险比0~4岁高,男性患乙型流感的风险比女性高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);5~14岁年龄段者患H3N2流感的风险比0~4岁高,而60岁以上者患Yamagata流感的风险比0~4岁高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论流行性感冒具有春冬高发的特性;甲型流感病毒为优势毒株,尤其是H1N1;15~24岁年龄段者更容易患乙型流感;2019年呈爆发流行,要继续加强流感的监测和爆发流行趋势的预测。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the virus variation of influenza in Beihai People's Hospital in recent years.Methods Influenza case information reported by Beihai People's Hospital from 2016 to 2019 was extracted from National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting Management System.Logistic regression es.Results A total of 2566 influenza cases were included in the study from 2016 to 2019,including 1982 cases in 2019.The influenza cases reported were mainly male(1398 cases),at the age of 25—59(790 cases),mainly scattered children(1402 cases),mainly occurred from December to January of the following year.A total of 833 strains of influenza virus were detected,including 485 strains of influenza A(289 strains of H1N1)and 348 strains of influenza B(194 strains of Victoria).Compared with influenza A and influenza B,patients at the aged of 15—24 had a higher risk of influenza B than that at the aged of 0—4 years old(P<0.05).Males had a higher risk of influenza B than females(P<0.05).Compared with H1N1 influenza A,the risk of H3N2 influenza among patients at the age of 5—14 was higher than that at the age of 0—4(P<0.05).Compared with Victoria influenza A,patients above 60 years old had higher risk of Yamagata influenza than that at the aged 0—4(P<0.05).Conclusion Influenza has the characteristics of high incidence in spring and winter.Influenza A virus is the dominant strain,especially H1N1.Patients at the aged of 15—24 are easier to get influenza B.There is an outbreak in 2019,and it is necessary to continue to strengthen influenza surveillance and outbreak trend prediction.

关 键 词：流行性感冒 流行病学特征 流感病毒 H1N1流感 H3N2流感 Victoria流感 Yamagata流感 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]