基于循证的袋鼠式护理模式对早产儿综合发育的影响  

Effect of evidence-based kangaroo mother care on the comprehensive development of premature infants.

作　　者：谢海清[1] 覃嫏颖 吉初灵 朱玲珍 蒙莉萍[1] XIE Hai-qing;QIN Lang-ying;JI Chu-ling;ZHU Ling-zhen;MENG Li-ping(Department of Pediatrics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College,Haikou 570102,Hainan,CHINA)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院第一附属医院儿科,海南海口570102

出　　处：《海南医学》2021年第3期404-408,共5页Hainan Medical Journal

基　　金：海南省教育厅科研项目(编号:hnky201540)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于循证的袋鼠式护理模式对早产儿生长发育和神经系统发育的效果。方法选择海南医学院第一附属医院儿科2018年12月至2019年11月收治的300例早产儿为研究对象。根据胎龄分组,其中186例胎龄≥34周者为A组,114例胎龄<34周者为B组。应用随机数表法将A组早产儿分为试验组A和对照组A,每组93例。应用随机数字表法将B组早产儿分为试验组B和对照组B,每组57例。对照组早产儿给予早产儿常规护理及随访。试验组在此基础上,实施袋鼠式护理。比较各组早产儿的生命体征、母乳喂养情况、生长发育指标及神经行为发育情况[采用新生儿行为神经测定(NBNA)评分表评估],以及住院时间。结果实施基于循证的袋鼠式护理后,出生后6 h时,试验组A早产儿生命体征较稳定,且优于对照组A,试验组B早产儿生命体征较稳定,且优于对照组B,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组A早产儿低体温发生率(3.23%)明显低于对照组A(16.12%),试验组B早产儿低体温发生率(14.03%)明显低于对照组B(35.09%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);实施基于循证的袋鼠式护理后,试验组A母乳喂养率明显高于对照组A,试验组B母乳喂养率明显高于对照组B,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);纠正胎龄40周时,试验组A早产儿生长发育指标明显高于对照组A,试验组B早产儿生长发育指标明显高于对照组B,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组A早产儿的NBNA评分明显优于对照组A,试验组B早产儿的NBNA评分明显优于对照组B,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组A早产儿住院时间明显短于对照组A,试验组B早产儿住院时间明显短于对照组B,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于循证的袋鼠式护理模式能提高母乳喂养率,降低低体温的发生率,促进早产儿生长发育及神经行为发育,缩短住院时间,是一种安全、有效、科学的护理模式。Objective To explore the effect of evidence-based kangaroo mother care on the growth and nervous system development of premature infants. Methods A total of 300 cases of premature infants, who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from December 2018 to November2019, were selected as the study objects. According to the gestational age, they were divided into two groups: gestational age of group A≥34 weeks(n=186), gestational age of group B<34 weeks(n=114). The preterm infants in group A were randomly divided into the experimental group A(n=93) and control group A(n=93). The preterm infants in group B were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group B(n=57) and control group B(n=57). The control group was given routine nursing and follow-up. On this basis, kangaroo mother care was carried out in the experimental group. The vital signs of preterm infants, the breastfeeding status of preterm infants, the growth and development indicators and neurobehavioral development(Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment, NBNA), and the hospitalization time of preterm infants of the difference groups were compared. Results After the evidence-based kangaroo mother care was implemented, the vital signs of preterm infants six hours after birth in the experimental group A were stable and better than those in the control group A(P<0.05), and the vital signs of preterm infants in the experimental group B were stable and better than those in the control group B(P<0.05);the incidence of hypothermia in premature infants of the experimental group A was 3.23% versus 16.12% of the control group A, and the experimental group B was 14.03% versus 35.09% of the control group B(P<0.05);the breast-feeding rate of the experimental group A was significantly higher than that of the control group A, and the breast-feeding rate of the experimental group B was significantly higher than that of the control group B(P<0.05). When the gestational age was corrected for 40 weeks, the

关 键 词：早产儿 循证护理 袋鼠式护理 母乳喂养 胎龄 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]