狼毒的种群生态与繁殖生物学研究进展  

Advances in population ecology and reproductive biology of Stellera chamaejasme

作　　者：骆望龙 张勃[1] 方强恩[1] LUO Wanglong;ZHANG Bo;FANG Qiang’en(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2021年第1期193-204,共12页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31960349);甘肃省草学优势学科开放课题-学科建设专项基金项目(GAUXKJS-2018-001)。

摘　　要：植物种群生态学研究旨在探讨种群发展动态、分布及其与生境其他生物和非生物因素间的相互作用,对理解生态系统平衡、生物多样性以及生态保护具有重要的理论和实践意义。狼毒Stellera chamaejasme是退化草地的典型毒杂草之一,开展狼毒种群生态与繁殖生物学研究能为该毒草型退化草地控制与修复、草地资源管理以及草地生态保护提供科学理论依据。综述了狼毒在种群空间分布格局、种群扩散与定植方面的研究成果,阐述了狼毒的繁育系统特征、传粉综合征以及繁殖分配策略,讨论了狼毒的化感作用和种群生态功能,最后结合当前研究成果对未来研究提出展望。主要结论为:狼毒种群空间分布格局表现出聚集、随机和均匀分布,种子近母株散布方式及其较低的萌发率影响种群扩散;狼毒具有自交不亲和系统,属于典型的异交植物,花部特征表现为鳞翅目Lepidoptera的蛾类和蝶类传粉综合征;狼毒随不同海拔和坡向等生境变化常表现出不同的繁殖分配策略;狼毒能通过根系分泌或残体腐解释放化感物质,通过改变土壤养分等对草地群落其他物种产生积极或消极影响,以此对群落结构及其生态功能产生影响。狼毒的种群生态学研究未来应重点探究其空间分布格局形成的生态学机制、狼毒在草地群落入侵定居和繁殖扩散的生境选择以及其种群扩散与草地退化之间的生态学关系。The study of plant population ecology aims to explore the development dynamics,distribution of population,and its interaction with other biological and abiotic factors in the habitat,which is of great theoretical and practical significance for understanding ecosystem balance,biodiversity and ecological protection.Stellera chamaejasme is one of the typical poisonous weeds in degraded grassland.An investigation into its population ecology and reproductive biology can provide scientific and theoretical basis for the control and restoration,resource management,and ecological protection of degraded grassland of this type.In this paper,the research results on spatial distribution pattern,population diffusion and colonization of S.chamaejasme were summarized.The breeding system characteristics,pollination syndrome and reproductive allocation strategies of S.chamaejasme were expounded.The allelopathy and ecological function of S.chamaejasme were discussed.Finally,the future research was prospected based on the current research results.The main conclusions are as follows:the spatial distribution pattern of S.chamaejasme population shows clumped(aggregation), random and uniform distribution, and the distribution pattern of seed near the motherplant and its low germination rate affect the population diffusion. S. chamaejasme, with its self-incompatibilitysystem, is a typical outcrossing plant, and its floral features show the pollination syndrome of moths andbutterflies in order Lepidoptera. With the change of habitat at different altitude and slope direction, thereproductive allocation strategy of S. chamaejasme is different. S. chamaejasme can release allelopathysubstances through root secretion or residual decay, and exert positive or negative effects on other species ofgrassland community by changing soil nutrients, so as to influence community structure and ecologicalfunction. In the future, studies on population ecology of S. chamaejasme should focus on the ecologicalmechanism of spatial distribution pattern formation

关 键 词：植物学 狼毒 种群分布格局 生活史 繁育系统 繁殖对策 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]