基于“华占”的强优势杂交组合的株高与主穗长遗传分析  

Genetic Analysis of Plant Height and Panicle Length of Strong Dominant Hybrid Combination Based on“Huazhan”

作　　者：谢展文 程红颂 李忠金 郑国源 程祖锌[1,2] 林荔辉 XIE Zhanwen;CHENG Hongsong;LI Zhongjin;ZHENG Guoyuan;CHENG Zuxin;LIN Lihui(Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics,Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops/Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Fujian Engineering Technology Research Center of Breeding and Utilization for Special Crops,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学/作物遗传育种与综合利用教育部重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]福建省特种作物育种与利用工程技术研究中心,福建福州350002

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2021年第1期62-68,共7页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：福建省科技计划引导性项目(No.018N0007);福建省科技对外合作产业化项目(No.2018I1011);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金项目(No.KFA17154A)。

摘　　要：株高与穗长是水稻品种的关键性状,有效利用水稻性状间的杂种优势是培育高产品种的关键技术手段。以“华占”配制的‘天优华占’‘恒丰优华占’‘五丰优华占’3个杂交组合为供试材料,构建了包含P1、P2、F1、F2、BC1-1、BC1-2等6个遗传世代群体。采用植物数量性状“主基因+多基因”混合模型分析了株高和主穗长的遗传方式。结果表明:3个杂交组合的株高和主穗长遗传均符合MX2-ADI-ADI遗传模型。在“华占”为遗传背景中,3个群体F2、BC1-1、BC1-2的株高均以多基因控制为主,多基因遗传率变幅分别为72.11%~75.42%、76.92%~86.28%和68.13%~75.13%,育种后代中应在高世代选择。3个群体F2代中的主穗长主基因遗传率分别为81.99%、68.95%和90.01%,多基因遗传率分别为12.16%、23.78%和3.52%;在回交群体中,3个组合的主穗长主基因和多基因遗传率与回交亲本密切相关,育种上应根据群体遗传特性进行相应的选择策略。Plant height and panicle length are the key traits of rice varieties and the effective use of the heterosis of the traits is the key technical means to cultivate high-yield varieties.In this study,three hybrid combinations of‘Tianyou Huazhan’‘Hengfengyou Huazhan’and‘Wufengyou Huazhan’were selected as the test materials.Six genetic generations including P1,P2,F1,F2,BC1-1 and BC1-2 were constructed.The“main gene+polygene hybrid genetic model”was adopted for genetic analysis of plant height traits and panicle length in each generation.The plant height and panicle length inheritance of the three hybrid combinations were all consistent with the MX2-ADI-ADI genetic model.In the Huazhan genetic background,the plant height of F2,BC1-1 and BC1-2 was dominated by polygenic control.The heritability rate of the plant height traits ranged from 72.11%to 75.42%,76.92%to 86.28%,and 68.13%to 75.13%.Breeding offspring should be selected in the higher generation.The main gene heritability of main panicle length in F2 generation of the three populations was 81.99%,68.95%and 90.01%,and the polygenic heritability was 12.16%,23.78%and 3.52%,respectively.In the backcross population,the main genes and polygenic heritability of panicle length in the three combinations were closely related to the backcross parents,so the selection strategies should be carried out according to the genetic characteristics of the population in breeding.

关 键 词：水稻 株高 主穗长 遗传模型 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]