耙吸式挖泥船耙头内部泥沙运动及防淤堵策略分析  

Analysis of sediment movement inside drag head of trailing suction hopper dredger and anti-blocking strategy

作　　者：孟庆盛 刘静 李智 张书笛 汪星 方珍龙 MENG Qing-sheng;LIU Jing;LI Zhi;ZHANG Shu-di;WANG Xing;FANG Zhen-long(School of Energy and Power,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430063,China;CCCC Guangzhou Dredging Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510220,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学能源与动力工程学院,湖北武汉430063 [2]中交广州航道局有限公司,广东广州510220

出　　处：《水运工程》2021年第2期166-173,204,共9页Port & Waterway Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.51706161);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(No.201910497105);武汉理工大学自主创新研究基金项目(No.2019NDB111)。

摘　　要：针对耙吸式挖泥船进行航道疏浚作业时,吸入的黏土容易在耙头内部堆积造成堵塞,导致疏浚效率下降的问题。通过研究耙头的结构发现,防止杂物进入泥泵的格栅为黏土堵塞的主要位置,对其进行基于双欧拉模型的流体动力学仿真研究,得出不同的工作参数和格栅角度对耙头压力、速度、泥沙浓度的影响。结果表明,耙头内部低速区容易发生泥沙沉积,高压水射流能提高局部流速,促进泥水混合,有利于泥浆的输送,施工过程如遇黏土将格栅前移能有效防止施工过程中的堵耙现象,提高耙吸式挖泥船的工作效率。For the dredging operation of the trailing suction hopper dredger,the suctioned clay is easy to accumulate inside the drag head and cause blockage,which can lead to the problem of the dredging efficiency reduction.We study the structure of the drag head to find that the grille to prevent debris from entering the dredging pump is the main location of clay plugging.Based on the Euler-Euler model,we carry out fluid dynamics numerical study to analyze the pressure and speed of the drag head and obtain the influence of different working parameters and grid angle on drag head pressure,velocity,and sediment concentration.The results show that the low-velocity area inside the drag head is prone to clay plugging,and the high-pressure water jet can increase the local velocity and promote the mixing of clay and water.Moving forward of grille can effectively prevent the drag siltation during the construction clay process,and improve the working efficiency of the trailing suction hopper dredger.

关 键 词：耙吸式挖泥船 耙头 数值模拟 格栅角度 内流场 

分 类 号：U674.31[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]