福利国家儿童照顾政策的发展与镜鉴  

The Development and Mirror of Welfare State Child Care Policy

作　　者：杨琳琳[1,2] Yang Linlin(不详)

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院 [2]南京理工大学政治建设与地方治理研究中心

出　　处：《兰州学刊》2021年第2期87-105,共19页

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目(项目编号:17ZDA115)。

摘　　要：为了积极应对后工业社会转型过程的新旧社会风险与潜在的“照顾危机”,福利国家开始将社会政策的焦点转移到儿童身上,改革儿童照顾政策成为福利国家改革的重点。福利国家儿童照顾政策从增加对儿童家庭的投资;积极投资于儿童早期发展;综合运用时间政策、经济支持政策与照顾服务体系,促进儿童照顾政策工具的多样化;完善照顾支持积极促进女性就业,重构性别分工与性别契约等方面进行。在十九大之后,“幼有所育”这一崭新民生目标的提出与“全面二孩”政策的实施,让儿童照顾问题成为全国人民最关心最现实最直接的问题,因此通过总结福利国家儿童照顾政策的发展与改革方向,以“伞形照顾”作为我国儿童照顾政策的建设思路,并从更新设计理念、发挥国家作为伞柄主导作用、建设混合照顾体系为伞骨,整合照顾服务体系与提供照顾经济支持来扩充伞面,最大限度发挥儿童照顾政策这把保护伞为儿童“挡风遮雨”的作用。To actively deal with the old and new social risks in the transition process of post-industrial society,the welfare state began to shift the focus of social policy to children,increasing the investment of children and reforming the child care policy.The welfare state’s child care policy mainly develops in four aspects:firstly,the welfare state increases its investment in children’s families;secondly,actively invest in early childhood development and attach importance to the development of young children;thirdly,the comprehensive use of time policy,economic support policy and care service system to promote the diversification and improvement of child care policy tools;Fourth,diversified care support actively promotes female employment and reconstructs gender division of labor and gender contract.After the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,the issue of child care has become the most practical and direct concern of the Chinese people.Therefore,by summarizing the development and reform direction of the welfare state’s child care policy,and taking“the Umbrella Care”as the construction idea of China’s child care policy.With the design concept of“sharing the responsibility of care”and“sharing the benefit of care”as the protective umbrella of China’s child care policy,our state will exert its utmost resources and capacity to develop child care,and build a mixed care system with the participation of the state,the family,the market and society as its umbrella.by improving the time policy,integrating the care service system and providing financial support,maximize the child care policy for children to“cover the wind and rain”role.

关 键 词：福利国家 儿童照顾政策 伞形照顾 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]