4种菊科入侵植物叶水浸提液对狗牙根种子萌发的化感作用  

Allopathic Effects of Aqueous Extracts from Leaves of Four Invasive Compositae Plants on Seed Germination of Cynodon dactylon

作　　者：蒋智林 杨丽萍 申科 刘万学[3] JIANG Zhi-lin;YANG Li-ping;SHEN Ke;LIU Wan-xue(Institute of Agricultural and Garden Technology,Pu'er University,Yunnan Pu'er 665000,China;Institute of Comparative Study of Traditional Materia Medica,Institutes of Integrative Medicine,Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China;The State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]普洱学院农林学院,云南普洱665000 [2]复旦大学中西医结合研究院传统药物比较研究所,上海200040 [3]植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室/中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2020年第12期2943-2947,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31360456,31060252);国家重点研发计划重点专项“受威胁区域生物多样性恢复及示范”(2017YFC0505206);中国科学院“西部之光青年学者”项目(科发人函字[2016]84号);云南省中青年学术与技术带头人后备人才项目(2014HB027);普洱学院生物安全与生物产业创新团队项目(CXTD005);普洱市科技局科技计划项目(2014kjxm01)。

摘　　要：【目的】为应用狗牙根抵御入侵植物入侵及替代控制相关入侵植物的可行性及技术开发提供基础数据和理论参考。【方法】采用培养皿滤纸法,比较研究紫茎泽兰、小飞蓬、飞机草和肿柄菊4种入侵植物叶水浸提液不同浓度处理(0.00、0.25、0.50、1.00和2.00 g·L^-1)对狗牙根种子萌发的发芽率、发芽势和化感效应指数的影响。【结果】4种入侵植物叶水浸提液对狗牙根种子发芽均产生显著抑制效应,且随着浓度的升高呈现递增趋势;在中低浓度(0.25、0.50和1.00 g·L^-1)处理时,随着浓度的增大,紫茎泽兰、小飞蓬、飞机草和肿柄菊叶水浸提液对狗牙根种子发芽率、发芽势抑制作用和化感效应均依次增强,在高浓度(2.00 g·L^-1)处理时,飞机草表现最强,而其它3种植物间无显著差异。【结论】4种菊科入侵植物对狗牙根会产生较强的抑制作用,若要应用狗牙根抵御或替代控制这4种植物的入侵,需采取适当措施应对这4种植物对狗牙根种子萌发的不利影响。【Objective】The present paper aimed to provide basic data and theoretical reference for the feasibility research and technological development of the replacement control of the relevant invasive plants by using Cynodon dactylon.【Method】Using assays with petri dishes and filter papers, the effects of the aqueous extracts from leaves of four invasive plants(Argeratina adenophora, Conyza Canadensis, Chromolaena odoratum and Tithonia diversifolia) with different concentration(0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 2.00 g·L^-1) on the germination rate, germination potential and allopathic effect index of Cynodon dynodon seeds were investigated and compared. 【Result】Aqueous extracts from leaves of four invasive plants had significant inhibitory effects on seed germination of Cynodon dynodon;and the inhibitory effects increased with the corresponding concentrations. Moreover, at the low or medium concentrations(0.25, 0.50 and 1.00 g·L^-1), the four invasive plants showed significantly different inhibitory and allopathic effects on the seed germination of Cynodon dynodon;while at the high concentration(2.00 g·L^-1), the most powerful inhibitory and allopathic effects arose from Chromolaena odoratum, but there was no significant differences among the other three plants. 【Conclusion】The four invasive plants had a strong inhibitory allopathic effect on Cynodon dynodon, and appropriate measures should be taken to avoid or alleviate these negative effects for the application of Cynodon dynodon in the replacement control and ecological restoration.

关 键 词：菊科 叶浸提液 狗牙根 种子 化感作用 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]