张继“夜泊”的不是“枫桥”及“寒山寺”  

Zhang Ji’s“Nightly Mooring”Station is“Han Shan Temple”rather than“Maple Bridge”:Fresh Research on“Maple Bridge’s Nightly Mooring”

作　　者：盛大林 SHENG Da-lin(School of New Media,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学新媒体研究院,北京100871

出　　处：《贵州师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期116-130,共15页Journal of Guizhou Normal University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：张继《枫桥夜泊》存在很多异文及异解,但争议主要集中在“江枫”应该如何理解。一说是“江边的枫树”,一说是“江桥”和“枫桥”的合称。但大量文献表明,恶湿的枫树不会长在江边,唐代也不存在“枫桥”和“江桥”。而且,现在的“寒山寺”在宋代名为“枫桥寺”,更早前则叫“普明禅院”,也就是说诗中的“寒山寺”并非实指。最早收录本诗的唐人选唐诗《中兴间气集》中,诗题原为《夜泊松江》;现存最早的版本即宋本《文苑英华》中,那四个字为“江村渔父”。综合判断:《夜泊松江》和“江村渔火”应该是原本,张继夜泊之处应该是城东的松江,而不是城西的枫桥。There are a lot of variants in wording and understanding in Zhang Ji’s“Maple Bridge's Nightly Mooring”,while most controversial issue lies in the understanding of“江枫”.Some say it refers to maple trees in the riverbank,while others think it is a combination of the two places,River Bridge and Maple Bridge.However,vast literature indicates that maple trees,which abhor moisture can hardly grow in riverbank.In addition,River Bridge and Maple Bridge did not exist in Tang Dynasty.What’s more,present“Han Shan Temple”was named“Maple Bridge Temple”in Song Dynasty,and even earlier was called“Puming Temple”,which means“Han Shan Temple”in the poem does not refer to the real name of a place.In the earliest version of Tang Poetry Collection“中兴间气集”,the original title was“Nightly Mooring at Songjiang River”,while in the currently available version by Song Dynasty“文苑英华”,the title was“Lights on Fishing Boats in Jiang Village”.In conclusion,“Nightly Mooring at Songjiang River”and“Lights on Fishing Boats in Jiang Village”should be the original,thus,Zhang Ji’s“Nightly Mooring”Station is“Han Shan Temple”rather than“Maple Bridge”.

关 键 词：张继 枫桥夜泊 夜泊松江 江枫渔火 江村渔火 寒山寺 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]