邮轮上的需求和消费符号的变迁  

Symbol Evolution of Needs and Consumption on Cruise Ship

作　　者：涂山[1] TU Shan(Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学,北京100084

出　　处：《工业工程设计》2021年第1期76-82,共7页INDUSTRIAL&ENGINEERING DESIGN

摘　　要：过去,欲望和需求驱动着人们生存与繁衍;现在,欲望和需求激发了消费及炫耀行为。“需要是发明之母”这一论点,似乎贯穿了人类发展演化的历史。最初建造邮轮是为了跨洋航行,是典型的需求驱动的发明,早期的跨洋竞速蓝丝带奖以及头等舱室的设计竞赛满足了交通功能和炫耀这两个原始需求。而随着工业产业能力的进步和奢侈文化的平民符号化,广大民众在社会等级进展之后的文化需求得到了满足,而邮轮解决的也早已不是跨洋交通和迁移这类基本需求,其本身已经成为旅行的目的地,蜕变成为丰盛富裕的商业社会里的一种非物质化的消费行为。In the past,desires and needs drive people􀆳s survival and reproduction.Now,they stimulate people􀆳s consumption and show-off.The argument,“Necessity is the mother of invention”seems to run through the history of human evolution.The purpose of early cruise ship construction is for transoceanic voyages from old continent to the new world.It is a typical demand-driven invention.The Blue Ribbon Prize for the initial transoceanic racing and the first-class cabin design competition meet the two original needs of transportation and show-off.The increase in industrial capabilities and the symbolization of the civilian population of luxury culture meet the high level cultural needs of the general public after the progress of the social hierarchy.Cruise ships are now designed not to satisfy the primary needs as transportation,but become the tourist destinations themselves and are transformed into a dematerialized consumption model in the prosperous and affluent commercial society.

关 键 词：需求 符号 幻象 

分 类 号：J524[艺术—艺术设计]