“未完成的议程”:巴基斯坦建国的内部阻力问题初探  

“Unfinished Agenda”:A Study on the Domestic Resistance to Pakistan Movement

作　　者：陈邹斌 Chen Zoubin

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学国际关系与地区发展研究院

出　　处：《中国社会科学院研究生院学报》2020年第6期121-132,共12页Journal of Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘　　要：随着1947年英国殖民统治在印度次大陆的终结,印度和巴基斯坦依据《蒙巴顿方案》分别建国。巴基斯坦的诞生是真纳的建国理论的胜利。但对于这个新生国家的建立,“准巴基斯坦人”内部存在着三股反对建国的力量:一是出于维护印度人民的团结,反对将印度一分为二;二是质疑真纳所领导的政党之“唯一代表者”地位,批判该党无视其他政治派别的主张;三是基于对“巴基斯坦国”这一概念的分歧,拒绝接受真纳的国家构建理论。由于真纳国父地位的确立以及印度教激进主义的蔓延,反对建国者最终失败了。虽然他们最终并未成功阻止巴基斯坦的建立,但理解真纳对手的主张对于重新评估巴基斯坦建国运动中“巴基斯坦人”这一符号的多元性具有重要的历史意义和现实意义。With the termination of the British colonial rule in the Indian sub-continent in 1947,India and Pakistan were founded on the basis of the Mountbatten Plan.The birth of Pakistan was a victory of Muhammad Ali Jinnah s Pakistan founding theory.Those quasi-Pakistanis who were against the newly-born state fell into three main categories:those who opposed the partition of India in favor of Indian people s unity;those who questioned“the only representative”status of Jinnah s party and criticized the party s overlooking the claims of other political parties;those who refused to accept Jinnah s founding theory because of the disagreements over the concept of“the Pakistan state”.Due to the establishment of Jinnah s status as the founding father of Pakistan and the spread of Hindu radicalism,the opponents of Pakistan Movement finally failed.Although Jinnah s opponents haven t prevented the founding of Pakistan,understanding their claims is of great historical and practical significance for reevaluating the pluralism of the concept of“Pakistanis”in the Pakistan Movement.

关 键 词：巴基斯坦建国运动 “巴基斯坦人” 内部阻力 未完成性 

分 类 号：K353.4[历史地理—历史学] K353.5[历史地理—世界史]