WTO电子商务规则谈判:进展、分歧与进路  

WTO Negotiations on E-Commerce Rules:Progress,Divergence and the Way Forward

作　　者：李墨丝[1,2] LI Mosi

机构地区：[1]上海对外经贸大学国际经贸研究所 [2]华东政法大学

出　　处：《武大国际法评论》2020年第6期55-77,共23页Wuhan University International Law Review

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“全球数字贸易规则新趋势及中国的政策选择研究”(项目批准号:17BFX148)的阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：WTO电子商务联合声明谈判的启动,是20多年来WTO电子商务议题的重大进展,反映了数字贸易对国际贸易规则提出的新需求。参加方之间在谈判路径和诉求主张上存在明显分歧,对于电子传输免关税永久化、数字产品非歧视待遇、跨境数据自由流动这些核心议题的争议尤为尖锐。这些分歧不仅反映了贸易自由化与非贸易目标的冲突,也涉及数字技术给多边贸易体制带来的挑战,还交织着互联网治理的难题。WTO电子商务联合声明谈判必须寻求包容性的解决方案,通过形成开放式诸边协定、采用灵活的谈判框架、达成高标准软法规范、提供充分的技术援助等,平衡各方利益,促成协议达成,增强WTO在全球经济治理中的相关性。In response to the demands for new trade rules created by digitalization,WTO members launched the Joint Statement on E-Commerce Initiative negotiation,which was a great breakthrough in the WTO e-commerce discussions.There are obvious differences among the participants in the negotiation frameworks,approaches and positions.Some topics are extremely contentious,such as permanent moratorium of customs duties on electronic transmissions,non-discrimination treatment of digital products,cross-border free data flow,etc.The divergences reflect not only the conflicts between trade liberalization and non-trade goals,but also the challenges of digital technologies for the multinational trade system,intertwined with internet governance issues.The negotiation should seek to an inclusive solution to strike a balance among participants and to enhance relevance of the WTO,by forming open plurilateral agreements,adopting flexible negotiation frameworks,reaching high-standard soft law norms,and providing adequate technical assistance,etc.

关 键 词：电子商务 数字技术 电子传输免关税 跨境数据流动 

分 类 号：F713.36[经济管理—产业经济] D996.1[政治法律—经济法学] F743.1[政治法律—国际法学]