蒋家沟流域不同海拔梯度的土壤种子库与地上植被的关系  

Relationship Between Soil Seed Bank and Aboveground Vegetation Along an Altitude Gradient in the Jiangjia Gully

作　　者：刘颖[1,2,3] 贺静雯[1,2,3] 李松阳 余杭 吴建召 崔羽 林勇明 王道杰 李键[1,3] Liu Ying;He Jingwen;Li Songyang;Yu Hang;Wu Jianzhao;Cui Yu;Lin Yongming;Wang Daojie;Li Jian(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou Fujian 350002,China;Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Surface Processes,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China;Key Laboratory for Forest Ecosystem Process and Management of Fujian Province,Fuzhou Fujian 350002,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources,Chengdu Sichuan 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [2]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点试验室,四川成都610041 [3]福建省高校森林生态系统过程与经营重点实验室,福建福州350002 [4]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2021年第2期54-67,共14页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室开放基金项目(2019)资助;国家自然科学基金项目(41790434)资助;福建农林大学杰出青年科研人才计划项目(xjq2017016)资助。

摘　　要：基于蒋家沟流域1300~2900 m的海拔范围,以200 m间隔划分8条海拔梯度,对不同海拔梯度的植物群落土壤种子库和地上植被的物种组成、物种多样性及其相似性进行研究。结果表明:各海拔梯度地上植被物种数均显著高于土壤种子库,地上植被与土壤种子库的相似程度均偏低,地上植被与土壤种子库的优势物种间存在不完全同步性,即地上植被除1700~1900、1300~1500 m外均以多年生草本占优势,土壤种子库仅在高于2300 m海拔的地区以多年生草本占优势,流域内土壤种子库对地上植被自然恢复与更新的能力较弱。土壤种子库与地上植被的Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson优势度指和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均呈显著正相关,土壤种子库的Pielou均匀度指数显著高于地上植被。地上植被和土壤种子库的M、D和H最高值均出现在温带湿润山岭气候区,最低值均出现在亚热带干热河谷气候区,不同气候区水热条件的差异影响地上植被和土壤种子库的物种多样性,蒋家沟流域土壤种子库与地上植被受气候变化的影响较大,而对海拔梯度变化的响应不明显。该研究结果可为金沙江小流域的生态恢复与重建提供参考依据。We established 8 elevation gradients at 200 m intervals in the altitude range of 1300-2900 m in Jiangjia Gully and surveyed the species composition,species diversity and similarity of soil seed banks and vegetations at different altitude gradients.The results showed that species numbers of vegetation were significantly higher than that in the soil seed bank at each altitude gradient.There were lower similarities between vegetation and soil seed banks.There was incomplete synchronization in the dominant species between vegetation and soil seed bank.The vegetation was dominated by perennial herbs except in 1700-1900 m and 1300-1500 m,while the soil seed banks were dominated by perennial herbs only in areas above 2300 m.The soil seed bank in the Jiangjia Gully watershed had a weak ability to recover naturally and regenerate the vegetation.The Margalef richness index,Simpson dominance index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of soil seed banks and vegetation were significantly positively correlated.The Pielou uniformity index of the soil seed banks was significantly higher than that of the vegetation.The highest values of M,D and H of vegetation and soil seed bank occurred in the temperate humid mountain climate zone,while the lowest value occurred in the subtropical dry-hot valley climate zone,indicating that the difference of hydrothermal conditions in different climate zones may affect the species diversity of vegetation and soil seed bank.The soil seed bank and vegetation were greatly affected by climate change,but they do not respond significantly to the changes of elevation gradients.The results also can provide a theoretical basis for ecological restoration and reconstruction in the watershed of Jinsha River.

关 键 词：海拔梯度 土壤种子库 植被 物种多样性 蒋家沟流域 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]