秤锤树的种实基本性状与种子休眠机理研究  

Basic Characteristic and Dormancy Mechanism of Sinojackia xylocarpa Fruit and Seed

作　　者：江全 郑旭 张康 展阳 唐罗忠 Jiang Quan;Zheng Xu;Zhang Kang;Zhan Yang;Tang Luozhong(Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing Jiangsu 210037,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2021年第2期145-150,共6页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0600402)资助;江苏省大学生科技创新项目(201610298070Y)资助;江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目(PAPD)资助。

摘　　要：为研究稀有树种秤锤树种实品质及内含物,探讨秤锤树种子休眠机理,测定秤锤树种实的基本性状,分析果皮浸提液对小白菜种子和幼苗生长及秤锤树种子发芽的影响。结果表明:成熟的秤锤树果实千粒质量为480 g左右,种子饱满率可达90%左右,且部分种子存在多胚现象,成熟的种子生活力达88%左右;与清水对照相比,秤锤树果皮的水浸提液不会降低小白菜种子和秤锤树种子发芽率,却能促进小白菜幼苗生长,随着浸提液浓度的提高,小白菜幼苗的根茎比逐渐减小。因此,秤锤树的种子质量较高,但是种子发芽慢,发芽率低,其原因可能不是因为种子或果皮存在抑制物,而可能是由于坚硬的内果皮阻碍了外界水分和空气顺利进入种胚,并机械性束缚种胚的萌发,从而导致秤锤树种子产生休眠,难以快速萌发。In order to find out the dormancy mechanism of Sinojackia xylocarpa seeds,the study determined the basic characteristics and contains of the seeds,and analyzed the effects of pericarp extract from rare tree species S.xylocarpa on the seed germination of pakchoi and S.xylocarpa.It was found that the 1000-grain weight of ripe fruit was about 480 g,the seed plumpness rate could reach about 90%,and some seeds had multiple embryos.The viability of mature seeds was about 88%.Compared with the water treatment,the water extract from the pericarp of S.xylocarpa did not decrease the germination rate of pakchoi seeds and S.xylocarpa seeds.On the contrary,the extract could promote the growth of pakchoi seedlings,and the root/stem ratio of the pakchoi seedlings decreased with the increase of extract concentration.In summary,the seed quality of S.xylocarpa was relatively high,but the seed germination speed was slow,and the germination rate was low.It suggested that the reason might not be the presence of inhibitors in seed or pericarp of S.xylocarpa.It might be the hard endocarp prevented the water and air from entering the embryo,and restricted the seed germination.As a result,it was difficult for seeds to germinate quickly.

关 键 词：秤锤树 种子性状 休眠 小白菜种子 发芽 

分 类 号：S722.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]