华北慈善联合会述论  

On North China Charity Federation

作　　者：蔡勤禹[1] CAI Qinyu(Institute of Chinese Social History,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学中国社会史研究所,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2021年第1期90-101,共12页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"中国近代海洋灾害资料的收集、整理与研究"(20BZS109)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1928-1930年陕西发生特大旱灾,为救济灾荒,朱庆澜联合慈善人士于1930年在西安成立华北慈善联合会,在天津设立办事处,联络京津沪等地人士为陕灾筹款募赈。他们以“救人救彻”为目标,在移粟就民办理急赈同时,坚持“建设救灾”理念,积极发展农赈,采取工赈办法兴办水利设施,设立教养院,采取教养兼施办法培养难童。上述措施不仅挽救了成千上万灾民,还通过建设办法促进了灾区的水利和交通设施建设。华北慈善联合会在政治动荡时期的救灾行为,弥补了政府在救荒方面的缺陷,提供了慈善组织参与地方公共事务治理的地方样本。In order to relieve the severe drought in Shaanxi Province from 1928 to 1930,Zhu Qinglan,together with other philanthropists,established the North China Charity Federation in Xi'an in 1930,and set up an office in Tianjin to contact people in Beijing,Tianjin and Shanghai to raise funds for the disaster in Shaanxi.Its goal is"saving people",so besides relieving the famine by sending grain to those victims,they adhered to the concept of"relief through construction",carried out agricultural relief by offering fertilizer and seeds and work relief by building water conservancy facilities,set up rehabilitation homes,and cultivated children in distress both by breeding and education.The above measures not only saved thousands of victims,but also promoted the construction of water conservancy and transportation facilities in the affected areas.The disaster relief activities of the North China Charity Federation during the period of political turmoil made up for the governments shortcomings in the field of disaster relief and provided a local sample of charitable organizations participating in the governance of local public affairs.

关 键 词：华北慈善联合会 朱庆澜 陕西灾荒 陕西灾童教养院 以工代赈 

分 类 号：D632.5[政治法律—中外政治制度]