基于超声回波的推进剂动态燃速测量系统设计  

Measurement System Design of Dynamic Burning Rate of Propellant Based on Ultrasonic Echo

作　　者：郑永秋[1] 张瀚升 张成飞 杜春晖 张文栋[1] ZHENG Yong-qiu;ZHANG Han-sheng;ZHANG Cheng-fei;DU Chun-hui;ZHANG Wen-dong(Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement(North University of China),Ministry of Education,Taiyuan 030051,China;Inner Mongolia Aerospace Machinery Power Testing Institute,Hohhot 010076,China;CCTEG Taiyuan Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]中北大学仪器科学与动态测试教育部重点实验室,山西太原030051 [2]内蒙航天动力机械测试所,内蒙古呼和浩特010076 [3]中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司,山西太原030006

出　　处：《中北大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期82-88,共7页Journal of North University of China(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61771434,61704160);装备领域基金资助项目(6140720010202);中北大学青年学术带头人支持计划(QX201804);山西省应用基础研究计划(201801D221214,201803D121067)。

摘　　要：推进剂动态燃速是固体火箭发动机主要的内弹道参数,针对推进剂静态燃速测量均值难以评估推进剂动态性能的问题,提出一种基于超声回波反馈的动态燃速测量系统设计方案.以FPGA为逻辑控制器,采用场效应管实现高速高压超声脉冲的发射;应用两级隔离,将高压发射脉冲与回波采集电路进行隔离;利用SPI配置模式高集成度、低功耗的AD9271实现对回波信号的调理及模数转换.通过固体火箭发动机试验器点火试验,获取到固体推进剂稳定燃烧时的燃速为1.73 cm/s,验证了超声回波动态燃速测量系统设计的可靠性.The dynamic burning rate of propellant is the main interior ballistic parameter of solid rocket motor.A design solution for the dynamic burning rate measurement system based on ultrasonic echo feedback was proposed to solve the problem that it is difficult to use the average measurement values of static burning rates of propellants to evaluate propellant dynamic performance.In this solution,FPGA was used as the logic controller and the FET was used for high-speed and high-voltage ultrasonic pulse transmission.Two-level isolation was used to isolate the high-voltage transmission pulse and the echo collection circuit.High-integration degree and low-power-consumption AD9271 of SPI configuration mode was used for conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion for echo signals.And a burning rate of 1.73 cm/s during steady burning of a solid propellant is obtained through an ignition experiment on a solid rocket engine tester.This verifies the reliability of the design of the dynamic burning rate measurement system through ultrasonic echoes.

关 键 词：固体推进剂 燃速测试 超声发射 超声回波 高压脉冲 

分 类 号：TB559[理学—声学]