北京市大气电场和大气污染物关系初步研究  

A Preliminary Study on the Relationship between Atmospheric Electric Field and Atmospheric Pollutants in Beijing

作　　者：李京校 CHEN Xuemeng 程月星 李如箭 董璠[4] LI Jingxiao;CHEN Xuemeng;CHENG Yuexing;LI Rujian;DONG Fan(Beijing Meteorological Disaster Prevention Center,Beijing 100089,China;Institute of Physics,University of Tartu,Tartu EE-50411,Estonia;Meteorological Service in Chaoyang District of Beijing,Beijing 100016,China;Environmental Meteorological Forecast Center of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,CMA,Beijing 100089,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市气象灾害防御中心,北京100089 [2]Institute of Physics,University of Tartu,Tartu EE-50411,Estonia [3]北京市朝阳区气象局,北京100016 [4]中国气象局京津冀环境气象预报预警中心,北京100089

出　　处：《高原气象》2021年第1期209-218,共10页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(8192052);北京市气象局科技项目(BMBKJ201704008)。

摘　　要：以北京市朝阳站为例总体上分析了2014-2015年北京市全年、冬半年和夏半年电场强度和污染物变化特性及相关性,重点研究静稳积累型、污染复合型、沙尘型3种类型污染天气下大气电场强度与主要污染物因子浓度以及与气象要素之间的关系。结果表明:(1)全年电场强度每小时平均值为0.45~0.72 kV·m-1,全年电场强度主要峰值在03:00(北京时,下同)和23:00,主要谷值在06:00和13:00;冬半年电场强度与污染物强度相关性更明显,特别是与PM10、PM2.5、PM1.0、NO2的相关性较显著。(2)静稳积累型污染物过程中,污染物浓度较快变大,电场强度随之增加,电场强度和污染物浓度变化趋势比较接近;相对湿度增大时,电场强度变为负值。(3)污染复合型过程中污染物浓度和电场强度变化都较平缓,在相对湿度较大的重污染天气,电场强度和污染物浓度的相关性并不强;电场强度和相对湿度相关性较强。(4)沙尘型天气下电场强度为负值,该种情况下大气污染物快速积累,电场强度绝对值剧烈变大,然后快速降低。沙尘型天气下不同情况电场强度绝对值从大到小依次是沙尘暴、扬沙、浮尘。Atmospheric electric field and air pollutant concentrations measured at Beijing Chaoyang Site in the years of 2014 and 2015 were characterized for the overall diurnal variations and features in the winter and sum‐mer half-years.The relationship between the electric field intensity and the concentration of the main pollutant factors and the meteorological factors in three types of pollution weather,including static and stable accumula‐tion type,pollution compound type and dust type,were mainly studied.The results showed that:(1)The hourly averaged electric field varied between 0.45 and 0.72 kV·m-1on a diurnal basis,with peak values occurring at03:00(Beijing Time,the same as after)and 23:00,and troughs at 06:00 and 13:00.The correlation between electric field intensity and pollutant concentration was stronger in winter half year,especially with PM10,PM2.5,PM1.0and NO2.(2)In the accumulation of locally emitted air pollutants,the electric field increased quickly with the rapid increase in pollutant concentrations.They exhibited similar variations.The electric field changed its sign to negative under high relative humidity.(3)The electric field or air pollutant concentrations showed no re‐markable variations,nor did they follow each other in the condition of mixed-source pollution.On heavily pollut‐ed days when relative humidity was high,the correlation between electric field intensity and pollutant concentra‐tion was not strong.However,the correlation between electric field intensity and relative humidity was strong.(4)The electric field showed negative values during sand-dust events.This type of pollution was characterized by a rapid accumulation of air pollutants,which made the eclectic field to peak with a large absolute value fol‐lowed by a quick drop in magnitude.The absolute value of the electric field was observed to decrease in the order of dust storm,blowing dust,and floating dust events.

关 键 词：北京市 大气电场 大气污染物 相对湿度 相关系数 

分 类 号：P427.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]