含羟甲基化木质素膨胀阻燃聚丙烯复合材料的制备及阻燃性能  

Preparation and Flame Retardant Property of Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene Composite Containing Hydroxymethylated Lignin

作　　者：宗旭 宋艳 白毓黎 单雪影 张鑫 欧红香 李锦春 Xu Zong;Yan Song;Yuli Bai;Xueying Shan;Xin Zhang;Hongxiang Ou;Jinchun Li(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213163,China;Dalian Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Dalian 116045,China;School of Enoironmental and Safety Engineering,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏常州213163 [2]大连石油化工研究院,辽宁大连116045 [3]常州大学环境与安全工程学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2020年第11期56-63,共8页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51473024);常州市科技支撑计划(CE20189003)。

摘　　要：通过水热法对木质素(Lig)进行改性制得了羟甲基化木质素(Lig-OH),热重分析(TGA)发现Lig-OH具有较好的热稳定性能和成炭能力。将Lig-OH作为成炭剂,与聚磷酸铵(APP)、季戊四醇(PER)复配用于制备膨胀阻燃聚丙烯(PP)复合材料。借助极限氧指数仪、UL-94垂直燃烧仪、TGA和锥形量热仪等分别对阻燃PP复合材料的阻燃性能、热稳定性能、燃烧行为等进行了研究。结果表明,当阻燃剂总量为30%,APP/PER/Lig-OH三者质量比为6∶3∶1时,阻燃PP复合材料Lig-OH-IFR/PP的极限氧指数(LOI)值高达33%,且垂直燃烧UL-94过V-0级别,明显优于同等条件下含木质素膨胀阻燃PP。Lig-OH-IFR/PP在空气气氛中具有良好的高温稳定性能,Tmax1较含Lig膨胀阻燃PP提高了近20℃,且800℃残留量增加了1倍多;锥形量热仪测试结果分析可知,Lig-OH的引入能够有效降低PP的热释放速率,减少火灾危险;残炭结构与形貌的分析结果显示,Lig-OH-IFR/PP所形成炭层的石墨化程度更高,且炭层更加致密完整。Hydroxymethylated lignin(Lig-OH)was obtained by modification of lignin(Lig)through hydrothermal method.Thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)show that Lig-OH has good thermal stability and char forming ability.Lig-OH used as charring agent was compounded with ammonium polyphosphate(APP)and pentaerythritol(PER)to prepare intumescent flame retardant polypropylene(PP)composites(Lig-OH-IFR/PP).The flame retardancy,thermal stability and combustion properties of flame retardant PP composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index meter,UL-94 vertical burner,thermogravimetric analyzer(TGA)and cone calorimeter.The results suggest that Lig-OH-IFR/PP shows better flame retardant properties with a higher LOI value reaching 33%,and vertical burning UL-94 passing V-0 grade at 30%loading the amount of flame retardant as well as the mass ratio of 6∶3∶1 for APP/PER/Lig-OH,which is significantly better than those of the lignin-containing intumescent flame retardant PP composite(Lig-IFR/PP)under the same conditions.Moreover,compared with Lig-IFR/PP,Lig-OH-IFR/PP has a good high-temperature stability in air atmosphere,of which Tmax1 is enhanced by nearly 20℃,and the residual amount at 800℃is increased from 3.6%to 7.3%.Cone calorimeter test analysis show that the introduction of Lig-OH could effectively decrease the heat release rate of PP and reduce the fire risk.Analysis of the structure and morphology of the residual char show that the char layer of Lig-OH-IFR/PP is more dense and complete with a higher degree of graphitization.

关 键 词：羟甲基化木质素 聚丙烯 复合材料 阻燃 

分 类 号：TQ325.14[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]