992例儿童特应性皮炎及荨麻疹变应原检测分析  

Allergen Analysis of Atopic Dermatitis and Urticaria in 992 Children

作　　者：翁田田 狄正鸿[1] WENG Tiantian;DI Zhenghong(Department of Dermatology,Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院皮肤科,沈阳110004

出　　处：《医学综述》2021年第3期592-597,603,共7页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81301366)。

摘　　要：目的探讨辽沈地区儿童特应性皮炎(AD)及荨麻疹患儿变应原随年龄的变化及两者的差异。方法选取2016年10月至2019年3月在中国医科大学附属盛京医院皮肤科确诊为AD及荨麻疹的992例患儿作为研究对象,采用外周血免疫印迹法检测变应原特异性Ig E抗体。结果AD及荨麻疹患儿最常见的变应原均为食入性变应原,其中常见的食入性变应原为牛奶、鸡蛋、小麦面粉,常见的吸入性变应原为屋尘、屋尘螨、粉尘螨。在不同年龄段急性荨麻疹患儿中,幼儿组食入性变应原阳性率最高[70.7%(181/256)],学龄组吸入性变应原阳性率最高[38.3%(18/47)]。在不同年龄段慢性荨麻疹患儿中,幼儿组食入性变应原阳性率最高[57.7%(30/52)],学龄组吸入性变应原阳性率最高[36.4%(12/33)],其中艾蒿阳性率最高[21.2%(7/33)]。在不同年龄段AD患儿中,幼儿组鸡蛋变应原阳性率最高[51.8%(43/83)],学龄前组吸入性变应原阳性率最高[52.2%(35/67)]。结论辽沈地区AD及急慢性荨麻疹患儿的致敏原以食入性变应原为主。随着年龄的增长,三种疾病食入性变应原阳性率随着年龄增长大致呈下降趋势,其中AD及急性荨麻疹患儿吸入性变应原阳性率随年龄增长呈上升趋势,慢性荨麻疹患儿艾蒿阳性率呈升高趋势。Objective To explore the changes of allergens in children with atopic dermatitis(AD)and urticaria in northern China with age increasing and the differences between them.Methods A total of 992 children diagnosed with AD and urticaria in Department of Dermatology,Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from Oct.2016 to Mar.2019 were included.The peripheral blood was collected to detect the allergen specific Ig E antibody.Results The most common allergens in children with AD and urticaria were ingestion allergens,among which commonly seen were milk,eggs and wheat flour,while the common inhaled allergens were house dust,house dust mite and dust mite.In children with acute urticaria of different ages,the positive rate of ingestion allergen was the highest in the small children group[70.7%(181/256)],and the of inhale allergens was the highest in school-age group[38.3%(18/47)].In the children with chronic urticaria of different ages,the positive rate of ingestion allergen was the highest in the small children group[57.7%(30/52)],and the positive rate of inhaled allergen was the highest in the school-age group[36.4%(12/33)],among which the positive rate of mugwort was the highest[21.2%(7/33)].In the children with AD of different ages,the positive rate of egg allergen was the highest in the infant group[51.8%(43/83)],and the positive rate of inhaled allergen was the highest in the preschool group[52.2%(35/67)].Conclusion The allergens in children with AD and acute and chronic urticaria in Shenyang are majorly food allergens.With the increase of age,the positive rates of food allergens of the three diseases all show a downward trend.With the increase of age,the positive rates of inhaled allergens in children with AD and acute urticaria are in an upward trend,and the positive rate of mugwort in children with chronic urticaria increases.

关 键 词：特应性皮炎 荨麻疹 变应原 

分 类 号：R758.2[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]