赣中北红壤稻田三熟制下机收留桩高度对再生稻产量的影响研究  

Effects of Mechanical Harvesting Stubble Heights on Grain Yield of Ratoon Rice under the Triple-cropping System of Rape-Rice-Ratoon Rice in the Area of Red Soil Paddy of North-central Jiangxi

作　　者：李亚贞[1] 郑伟[1] 肖小军[1] 黄天宝[1] 肖富良 吕伟生 韩德鹏 吴艳[1] 刘小三[1] 陈明[1] 戴熙燕 王瑞平 刘开基 肖国滨[1] LI Ya-zhen;ZHENG Wei;XIAO Xiao-jun;HUANG Tian-bao;XIAO Fu-liang;LU Wei-sheng;HAN De-peng;WU Yan;LIU Xiao-san;CHEN Ming;DAI Xi-yan;WANG Rui-ping;LIU Kai-ji;XIAO Guo-bin(Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Red Soil Arable Land Conservation/Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation(Jiangxi Province),Nanchang,Jiangxi 331717,China;Office of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Dinghu Town of Anyi County,Anyi,Jiangxi 330500,China;Office of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Jintian Town of Anfu County,Anfu,Jiangxi 343200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省红壤研究所/江西省红壤耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部江西耕地保育科学观测试验站,江西南昌331717 [2]安义县鼎湖镇人民政府农业农村工作办公室,江西安义330500 [3]安福县金田乡农业农村办公室,江西安福343200

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2021年第1期87-92,共6页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：江西省重点研发计划项目(20181ACF60015,20171BBF60032);国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503123-07)。

摘　　要：在再生稻生产中,头季稻的留桩高度是影响再生稻产量的关键因素。以籼稻品种为试验材料,在油菜—中稻—再生稻三熟制的赣中北红壤稻田地区,通过田间试验比较了留桩高度为10 cm(T10)、20 cm(T20)、30 cm(T30)和40 cm(T40)处理下再生稻的干物质积累、再生力和产量变化。结果表明,再生季齐穗期和成熟期的干物质积累、茎鞘叶物质输出率和茎鞘叶物质贡献率均随着留桩高度的增加而呈现出逐渐上升的趋势,较高的留桩高度也显著提高了再生率和产量。相关分析表明,在干物质和再生力等指标中,与再生稻产量密切相关的指标为茎鞘叶干物质贡献率(r=0.994);拟合方程发现,当茎鞘叶物质贡献率每增加1%,再生稻产量可以提高52.74 kg/hm^2。在油菜—中稻—再生稻三熟制的赣中北红壤稻田地区,利用籼型中稻作再生稻生产,留桩高度以30~40 cm为宜。In the cultivation of ratoon rice,the stubble height of main crop was one of the key factors to affect ratoon rice yield.Using indica rice variety as the materials,for the area of red soil paddy with the triple-cropping pattern of rape-rice-ratoon rice in north-central Jiangxi,a field experiment of different stubble height treatments including 10 cm(T10),20 cm(T20),30 cm(T30)and 40 cm(T40)was conducted to study the dry matter accumulation,ratooning capacity and grain yield of ratoon rice.The results showed that the dry matter accumulation,output and contribution rates of stem,sheath and leaf were increased gradually along with the increase of stubble height in the full heading and ripening stages,and the higher stubble heights also significantly improved the ratooning capacity and grain yield.Correlation analysis showed that the dry matter contribution rate of stem,sheath and leaf was closely related to the grain yield of ratoon rice(r=0.994).It was found that the grain yield of ratoon rice would be increased by 52.74 kg/hm^2 when the dry matter contribution rate of stem,sheath and leaf increased by 1%,according the fitted equation.It is concluded that 30~40 cm of stubble height is suitable for indica rice to be planted as ratoon rice in the area of red soil paddy with the triple-cropping pattern of rape-rice-ratoon rice in north-central Jiangxi.

关 键 词：红壤稻田 再生稻 留桩高度 产量 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311