3种化学调控剂对湘南双季超级稻源库关系的影响  

Effects of Three Chemical Regulators on Source-sink Relationship of Double-cropping Super Rice in Southern Hunan

作　　者：李永松 陈基旺 袁帅 苏雨婷 崔璨 蒋艳方 陈平平[1] 王晓玉[1] 易镇邪[1] LI Yong-song;CHEN Ji-wang;YUAN Shuai;SU Yu-ting;CUI Can;JIANG Yan-fang;CHEN Ping-ping;WANG Xiao-yu;Yi Zhen-xie(College of Agronomy,Hunan Agricultural University/South Regional Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain and Oil Crops in China,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院/南方粮油作物协同创新中心,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2021年第1期93-100,共8页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创新”重点专项(2017YFD0301501,2018YFD0301005)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜湘南双季超级稻的化学调控剂,以中嘉早17和盛泰优018为材料,比较研究了3种化学调控剂(壮谷饱、壳寡糖、胺鲜酯)对湘南双季超级稻产量形成的源库关系的影响。结果表明,3种化学调控剂中,胺鲜酯增源效果最好,其各时期叶面积指数、高效叶面积指数、叶片SPAD值和干物质积累量均显著高于对照(清水),壮谷饱也有较好的增源效果,而壳寡糖增源效果不明显;胺鲜酯扩库效果最好,其颖花数、有效穗数和结实率显著提高;与对照相比,胺鲜酯处理早晚2季总产量提高13.81%,壮谷饱处理增产8.86%,壳寡糖增产效果不明显;壮谷饱对提高千粒重的效果最好;胺鲜酯处理的粒叶比、叶片与茎鞘物质输出率较高,壮谷饱次之,壳寡糖效果不明显。综合来看,3种化学调控剂对水稻源库关系的影响有差异,胺鲜酯和壮谷饱有较好的增源、扩库、协调源库关系的效果,从而可显著增产。In order to screen the optimal chemical regulators for double-cropping rice in southern Hunan,the effects of three new types of chemical regulators(Zhuanggubao,C1;chitooligosaccharide,C2;prochlorazate,C3)on source-sink relationship of yield formation of rice were comparatively studied with Zhongjiazao 17(early rice)and Shengtaiyou 018(late rice)as the materials.The results showed that among three chemical regulators,C3 had the best effect on increase of source,and its leaf area index(LAI),efficient LAI,leaf SPAD value and dry matter accumulation were significantly higher than those of the control(water,CK).C1 also had a good effect on increase of source,but C2 had not an effect on increase of source.C3 had also the best effect on expanding the sink,and its spikelet number per unit area,effective panicle number per unit area and seed seed-setting rate were significantly raised.Compared with CK,C3 increased the total yield of two seasons by 13.81%,C1 by 8.86%,but C2 had no significant effect on yield increase.C2 had the best effect on heightening 1000-grain weight.C3 had the highest ratio of grain to leaf,rate of matter translocation of leaf and stem sheath,and C1 was the second,but C2 had no significant effect.In a word,three chemical regulators had different effects on source-sink relationship.C3 and C1 had a significant effect on increase of source and sink and source-sink coordination,resulting in a significant yield-increasing effect.

关 键 词：湘南 双季稻 化学调控 产量 源库关系 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311