不同砧木嫁接对黄瓜产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Different Rootstocks on the Yield and Quality of Cucumber

作　　者：谭占明 轩正英[1] 张娟[1] 朱洒洒 刘义飞 熊仁次[1] Tan Zhanming;Xuan Zhengying;Zhang Juan;Zhu Sasa;Liu Yifei;Xiong Renci(College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar,843300)

机构地区：[1]塔里木大学植物科学学院,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第2期679-686,共8页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：2018年新疆生产建设兵团重大科技攻关项目(2018DB003);2018年新疆生产建设兵团“十件实事”农业技术辐射带动工程项目(SJSS201801)共同资助。

摘　　要：本研究以‘鑫力三号’、‘升力砧木’、‘神力砧木’和‘圣砧一号’为砧木,‘津春39号’黄瓜为接穗,研究不同砧木对嫁接黄瓜产量和品质的影响,筛选出适合黄瓜嫁接的优质砧木。不同砧木对黄瓜嫁接成活率、物候期、株高、茎粗、生长势、产量和品质等均有影响。其中,‘神力砧木’嫁接黄瓜成活率最高,‘圣砧一号’嫁接黄瓜生长相对最强,自根苗(CK)与各砧木嫁接组合的果实瓜瘤、瓜棱、刺色和果肉脆度均无显著差异。‘鑫力三号’嫁接黄瓜的小区平均产量与自根苗(CK)无显著差异,‘神力砧木’和‘升力砧木’嫁接黄瓜长度显著高于自根苗(CK),‘圣砧一号’嫁接黄瓜明显高于自根苗(CK)。‘升力砧木’、‘神力砧木’和‘圣砧一号’嫁接的黄瓜维C含量和可溶性蛋白含量均显著高于自根苗(CK),可溶性糖含量均低于自根苗(CK)。因此,‘圣砧一号’与‘津春39号’黄瓜亲和性强,作为砧木嫁接黄瓜后植株不仅生长势强,产量高,而且可溶性蛋白和维生素C的含量明显提升。In this study,cucumber was used as the test material with’Xinli No.3’,’Shengli rootstock’,’Shengli rootstock’and’Shengzhen No.1’as rootstock,and’Jinchun No.39’as scion.The effect of grafting on the yield and quality of cucumber were studied,and select high quality rootstock suitable for cucumber grafting.The results showed that the grafting of different rootstock had a certain effect on the survival rate of grafting cucumber,the phenological stage,the height of the plant,the thick stalk,yield and the growth potential.Among them,the highest survival rate of grafted cucumber was the’Shengli rootstock’grafted cucumber.The growth potential of’Shengzhen No.1’grafted cucumber is relatively the strongest.There was no significant difference between the grafting combination and the fruit melon edge,spiny color,melon tumor and pulp brittleness of the root seedling(CK).The average yield of the rootstock of’Shengzhen No.1’was significantly higher than that of the self-rooted seedlings.The average yield of grafted cucumber rootstocks on’Shengzhen No.1’was significantly higher than that of self-rooted seedlings.The length of grafted cucumbers on’Shengli rootstock’and’Shengli rootstock’were significantly higher than those from self-rooted seedlings.There was no significant difference between’Xinli No.3’,and self-rooted seedlings.’Shengli rootstock’,’Shengli rootstock’and’Shengzhen No.1’to be grafted with the vitamin C and the soluble protein content is significantly higher than the own root seedlings(CK).And the soluble sugar content was lower than the root seedling(CK).Therefore,’Shengzhen No.1’and’Jinchun No 39’have strong affinity for cucumbers.Grafting cucumbers as rootstock not only has strong growth potential and high yield,but also significantly increases soluble protein and vitamin C content.

关 键 词：砧木 嫁接 黄瓜 品质 产量 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]