保水剂对土壤水分运移和水吸力变化的影响  

Effect of Super Absorbent Polymers on Soil Moisture Transport and Water Suction Changes

作　　者：周客 王利书[1] 程东娟[1] 齐鸣 ZHOU Ke;WANG Li-shu;CHENG Dong-juan;QI Ming(Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056107,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056107

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2021年第2期52-57,共6页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300905-4);河北省自然科学基金项目(E2019402468);河北省创新能力提升计划软科学研究专项项目(19457519D)。

摘　　要：为了研究保水剂对土壤水分入渗性能和土壤水吸力变化过程的影响。通过室内土柱试验,对保水剂不同层施深度和施用量进行模拟试验。设置不施保水剂(CK)、施用量0.1%、施用量0.3%、施用量0.5%,分别层施在土层深度5 cm(W)和10 cm(S),并用T5(微型张力计)测定土壤水吸力值.结果表明;保水剂对土壤入渗特性有影响。随着保水剂施用量增加,累积入渗量和湿润锋运移不断减小;保水剂对湿润锋运移的影响较大。施用保水剂层的土壤含水量高于对照组;相同层施深度下,保水剂层施量越大,上层土壤含水率越高,下层土壤含水率越低。保水剂对土壤水吸力有重要影响。随着保水剂含量越大,上层土壤在T5释水阶段所测土壤水吸力偏大,在T5吸水阶段所测土壤水吸力偏小,下层土壤两阶段所测土壤水吸力越大。相同层施深度下,保水剂影响上层土壤水吸力峰值大小,并不影响到达峰值的时间,对于下层土壤水吸力峰值时间和大小都有影响且随着保水剂含量的增加,土壤水吸力峰值越大,达到峰值的时间越长。研究结果反映了保水剂的层施位置和施用量对土壤水吸力影响,可为保水剂在农田灌溉和科学施用上提供一定理论支撑。In order to study the influence of super absorbent polymers on soil water infiltration performance and soil water suction change process,this paper carried out simulation tests on the application depth and dosage of super absorbent polymers in different layers through indoor soil column tests.Four treatments with different application dosage,including non-application of super absorbent polymers(CK),application dosage of 0.1%,application dosage of 0.3%and application dosage of 0.5%,were set and applied to the depth of soil layer 5 cm(W)and 10 cm(S),respectively.The results showed that super absorbent polymers had an effect on soil water infiltration characteristics.With the increase of the amount of super absorbent polymers,the migration distance of wetting front and the cumulative infiltration amount of soil decreased continuously.The super absorbent polymers had great influence on the migration of wetting front.The soil moisture content of the super absorbent polymers layer was higher than that of the control group.Under the same depth of layer application,the higher the amount of super absorbent polymers layer application,the higher the upper soil moisture content,and the lower soil moisture content.The super absorbent polymers had important effect on soil water suction.With the increase of the content of water-retaining agent,the soil water suction measured in the upper soil in the water release stage of T5 was larger,the soil water suction measured in the water absorption stage of T5 was smaller,and the soil water suction measured in the lower soil in the two stages was larger.Under the same layer application depth,the super absorbent polymers affected the peak value of soil water suction in the upper layer,but did not affect the time to reach the peak value.Both of them had an impact on the water suction in the lower layer.With the increase of water-retaining agent content,the greater the peak value of soil water suction was,the longer the time to reach the peak value was.The results reflect the influence of

关 键 词：保水剂 土壤水分入渗性能 湿润锋 累积入渗量 土壤水吸力 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学] S27[农业科学—农业基础科学]