水污染负荷分配双层多目标优化模型研究  

Study of two-layer multi-objective optimization model for water pollution load distribution in rivers

作　　者：张璇 王盼 何洋 杜志水[1] 罗军刚[2] 解建仓[2] ZHANG Xuan;WANG Pan;HE Yang;DU Zhishui;LUO Jungang;XIE Jiancang(Power China Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited,Xi’an 710065,China;State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司,陕西西安710065 [2]西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《西安理工大学学报》2020年第4期475-485,共11页Journal of Xi'an University of Technology

摘　　要：由于现有的水污染负荷分配模型难以在每一级都兼顾公平与效益原则,并且很少考虑环境保护税法以及水功能区水质达标考核的实施对水污染负荷分配产生的影响,使得现有负荷分配模型难以应用于流域各级管理机构。本文提出一种双层多目标优化模型,以解决不同管理层级的负荷分配问题。上层分配以最小环境基尼系数和最小单位污染物排放成本为目标,同时考虑环境保护税的影响;下层分配以工业产值最大化和削减率不均匀性最小为目标,同时满足各水功能区水质达标。将该模型应用于渭河干流陕西段,结果表明,双层多目标优化模型能够较好地解决在环境保护税法与水功能区水质达标考核实施背景下的水污染负荷分配问题,从而可以为各级决策者提供更好的参考。It is difficult for the existing water pollution load distribution models to balance the principles of fairness and efficiency at every level,with environmental protection tax laws rarely considered;the implementation of water quality compliance assessment on water function zones has had an impact on the distribution of water pollution loads.This makes it difficult to apply the existing load distribution model to management agencies at all levels of the basin.This paper proposes a two-layer multi-objective optimization model to solve the load distribution problem at different management levels.The upper-level allocation aims at the smallest environmental Gini coefficient and the smallest unit pollutant emission cost,while considering the impact of environmental protection taxes;the lower-level distribution aims at maximizing industrial output value and minimizing unevenness of reduction rate,while meeting the water quality standards of each water function zone.The model was applied to the Shaanxi section of the main Weihe River,with the result showing that the two-layer multi-objective optimization model can better solve the problem of water pollution load distribution in the context of the implementation of the environmental protection tax law and the implementation of the water function zone water quality standard assessment,thus providing a better reference for decision makers at all levels.

关 键 词：水污染负荷分配 双层模型 多目标优化 水功能区 环境保护税 渭河干流陕西段 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]