河南省新型冠状病毒肺炎流行期疫情特征分析  

Characteristics of COVID-19 in Henan Province during epidemic period

作　　者：潘静静[1] 叶莹[1] 王海峰[1] 张延炀[1] 范威 史鲁斌 王文华 王长双[1] 申晓靖[1] 吕家锐[1] 张明瑜[1] 尤爱国[1] 唐晓燕[1] 李军[1] 聂轶飞[1] 张肖肖[1] 杨凯朝 贺志权 王博昊 黄学勇[1] PAN Jingjing;YE Ying;WANG Haifeng;ZHANG Yanyang;FAN Wei;SHI Lubin;WANG Wenhua;WANG Changshuang;SHEN Xiaojing;LYU Jiarui;ZHANG Mingyu;YOU Aiguo;TANG Xiaoyan;LI Jun;NIE Yifei;ZHANG Xiaoxiao;YANG Kaichao;HE Zhiquan;WANG Bohao;HUANG Xueyong(Institute for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control,Henan Province Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016)

机构地区：[1]河南省疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所,郑州450016

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2021年第1期71-76,共6页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：河南省新型冠状病毒防控应急攻关项目(201100310800)。

摘　　要：目的:对河南省报告的新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例流行病学特征与临床特征进行描述与分析。方法:选取截至2020年2月19日中国疾病预防控制信息系统报告的河南省所有新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例,结合传染病报告卡和个案调查,分析其流行病学特征和临床特征。结果:1237例确诊病例中,男性680例(55.0%),女性557例(45.0%);中位年龄45岁;城市559例(45.2%),农村678例(54.8%)。发病高峰在2020年1月24日,报告病例较多的省辖市为信阳、郑州、南阳、驻马店和商丘。临床症状主要有发热(87.4%)、干咳(37.2%)、乏力(25.1%)、咳痰(25.1%),发病早期白细胞正常或减少(95.8%)、淋巴细胞减少(36.2%),胸部CT影像结果异常(95.7%)。重症病例年龄中位数(53岁)大于轻症病例(44岁),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。重症病例慢性基础性疾病、最高体温>38℃、干咳、呼吸困难、淋巴细胞减少、胸部X射线影像结果异常、胸部CT影像结果异常、收入ICU治疗的比例均高于轻症病例,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。重症病例发病到报告、发病到隔离、发病到确诊时间间隔均大于轻症病例(P<0.05)。结论:河南省新型冠状病毒肺炎病例主要发生在男性、农村、20~59岁人群,主要分布在与湖北接壤的豫南地区和郑州市。应关注重点地区、重点人群,针对重症的危险因素早期进行预警,积极救治,改善预后。Aim:To describe and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 confirmed cases in Henan Province.Methods:All confirmed cases of COVID-19 reported in Henan Province up to February 19,2020 were selected.Epidemiological and clinical characteristics were analyzed according to the infectious disease report cards and individual case investigations.Results:Among 1237 COVID-19 cases in Henan Province,680(55.0%)were males and 557(45.0%)were females.The median age was 45 years.559(45.2%)were from urban aera and 678(54.8%)were from rural aera.The peak time of incidence was at January 24,2020.The top five cities for reported cases were Xinyang,Zhengzhou,Nanyang,Zhumadian and Shangqiu.Fever(87.4%),dry cough(37.2%),fatigue(25.1%),expectoration(25.1%),white blood cell count being normal or reduced(95.8%),lymphocyte being reduced(36.2%)in early stage of disease,and abnormal chest CT images were major clinical symptoms.Median age of sever cases(53 years)was greater than that of mild cases(44 years),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The proportions of chronic basic disease,highest temperature being above 38℃,dry cough,dyspnea,lymphocytopenia,abnormal X ray image,abnormal chest CT image,and checked into ICU in severe cases were greater than those in mild cases(P<0.05).Time intervals from onset to reported,onset to isolated,onset to diagnosed in severe cases were greater than those in mild cases(P<0.05).Conclusion:Most COVID-19 cases in Henan Province were males,from rural areas,aged between 20-59 years and distributed in southern cities bordering Hubei and Zhengzhou.Attention should be paid to the key areas and key populations,early warning and active treatment should be given according to the risk factors of severe cases in order to improve the prognosis.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 流行特征 临床特征 河南省 

分 类 号：R183.3[医药卫生—流行病学]