不同氮磷钾肥运筹对水稻产量和肥料利用率的影响  

Effects of Different Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizers on Rice Yield and Fertilizer Utilization Efficiency

作　　者：黄璐璐 王站付 金海洋 徐春花 徐培培 郭栋 张栋杰 邓仕俊 HUANG Lu-lu;WANG Zhan-fu;JIN Hai-yang(Extension Service Center of Agricultural Technology of Shanghai,Shanghai 201103)

机构地区：[1]上海农业技术推广服务中心,上海201103 [2]上海市崇明区农业技术推广服务中心,上海202150 [3]上海市崇明区陈家镇农业综合技术推广服务中心,上海202150

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2021年第4期155-159,共5页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市市级农口系统青年人才成长计划(沪农青字〔2018〕第4-4号)。

摘　　要：为研究不同氮磷钾肥运筹对水稻产量及肥料利用效率的影响,选用“南粳46”进行了常规施肥、常规缺氮、缺磷、缺钾以及不同氮磷钾肥梯度处理试验。结果表明,当施氮量为300 kg/hm 2时,产量仅比施氮肥225 kg/hm 2提高2.43%(P>0.05),但氮肥利用率与农学效率减少了21.9%(P<0.05)、27.57%(P<0.01),当施磷量与施钾量为60 kg/hm 2时,产量仅比施磷、钾量为30 kg/hm 2时分别提高了2.54%(P>0.05)、3.15%(P>0.05),但磷、钾肥利用率降低了10.21%(P>0.05)、23.76%(P<0.01),农学效率降低了96.06%(P<0.01)、21.03%(P>0.05)。因此,综合考虑水稻产量与肥料利用效率,建议氮肥施用量为225 kg/hm 2,磷钾肥施用量均为30 kg/hm 2为宜。In order to study the effects of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on rice yield and fertilizer utilization efficiency,Nanjing 46 was selected for conventional fertilization,conventional nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium deficiency and gradient treatment of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.Results showed that when N application rate was 300 kg/hm 2,the yield was only increased by 2.43%(P<00.05)compared with N application rate of 225 kg/hm 2,but N use efficiency and agronomic efficiency was reduced by 21.9%(P<0.05)and 27.57%(P<0.01).When P and K application levels were 60 kg/hm 2,the yield was increased by 2.54%(P>0.05)and 3.15%(P>05),respectively,compared with P and K application levels of 30 kg/hm 2,but the utilization rate of P and K was decreased by 10.21%(P>0.05)and 23.76%(P<0.01),and the agronomic efficiency was decreased by 96.06%(P<0.01)and 21.03%(P>0.05).Therefore,considering the rice yield and fertilizer use efficiency,it was recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizer of 225 kg/hm 2 and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer of 30 kg/hm 2.

关 键 词：水稻 氮磷钾肥 产量 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]