基于绕射波的碳酸盐岩储层缝洞识别方法及应用  

Development and Application of an Identification Method for Fracture and Cave in Carbonate Reservoir Based on Diffracted Wave

作　　者：谢玮 毕臣臣 胡华锋 马永强[1] 马灵伟[1] 姚铭 XIE Wei;BI Chen-chen;HU Hua-feng;MA Yong-qiang;MA Ling-wei;YAO Ming(Sinopec Geophysical Research Institute,Nanjing 211103,China;School of Geophysics and Information Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油物探技术研究院,南京211103 [2]中国地质大学(北京)地球物理与信息技术学院,北京100083

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2021年第2期453-457,共5页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金(U19B6003)。

摘　　要：在塔里木盆地北部奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层中,沿断裂发育的溶洞和裂缝是重要的油气储集空间。因此,对于缝洞型油藏的地震识别关键在于断裂、裂缝和溶洞的刻画。溶洞和裂缝等储集空间存在形态多样性、多尺度性和非规则性,导致其地震响应通常表现为复杂的绕射波特征。基于绕射波的识别方法可从地震数据中去除反射波,只利用地震波场中的绕射信息进行分析。为此,首先基于平面波破坏滤波和均值滤波技术,从常规反射波数据中分离出绕射波数据;然后对比了不同分离程度的绕射波数据对溶洞的刻画能力;最后基于绕射波实际资料,对比分析相干属性和最大似然属性对断裂和裂缝的识别能力。实际资料的应用表明,绕射波信息能够有效地识别溶洞、小尺度断裂和裂缝等地质体,对碳酸盐岩缝洞型油气藏研究具有重要意义。In Ordovician carbonate reservoir in the north of Tarim Basin,Karst caves and fractures developed along faults are important reservoir spaces.The key to seismic identification of fracture-cavity reservoir lies in the description of faults,fractures and Karst caves.Because of the diversity,multi-scale and irregularity of reservoir space,such as Karst caves and fractures,the seismic response usually shows complex characteristics of diffracted wave.The identification method based on diffracted wave can remove reflected wave from seismic data and only use diffracted information in seismic wave field for analysis.Therefore,based on plane wave destructive filtering and mean filtering,diffracted wave data were separated from conventional reflected wave data.Then,the ability of the diffracted wave data to describe the cave was compared.The fault recognition ability of diffracted wave data was compared and analyzed by combining the coherence attribute and likelihood attribute.Based on the actual diffracted wave data,the recognition ability of cohe-rence and likelihood to faults and fractures was compared.The application of actual data shows that diffracted wave information can effectively identify geological bodies such as karst caves,small-scale faults and fractures,which is of great significance for the study of fracture-cavity carbonate reservoirs.

关 键 词：塔里木盆地 碳酸盐岩储层 缝洞 断裂 绕射波 

分 类 号：P631.429[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]