澳洲和牛超数排卵与体内胚胎生产的影响因素研究  

A Study on the Factors Influencing the Superovulation and Embryo Production in Australian Wagyu Beef

作　　者：赵善江[1] 隋鹤鸣 郝海生[1] 胡智辉 庞云渭[1] 邹惠影 杜卫华[1] 赵学明[1] 朱化彬[1] ZHAO Shanjiang;SUI Heming;HAO Haisheng;HU Zhihui;PANG Yunwei;ZOU Huiying;DU Weihua;ZHAO Xueming;ZHU Huabin(Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;National Animal Husbandry Station, Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,农业农村部动物遗传育种与繁殖(家禽)重点实验室,北京100193 [2]全国畜牧总站,北京100125

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2021年第2期420-428,共9页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501700);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(2019-YWF-YB-03);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS06)。

摘　　要：旨在研究不同发育阶段(青年和经产牛)、同期方法、促卵泡素(follicle-stimulating hormone,FSH)剂量、超排次数等因素对澳洲和牛供体超数排卵(简称超排)和体内胚胎生产效率的影响。本试验共选用38头青年和牛(16~20月龄)和42头经产和牛(胎次=1)进行超排处理,分别统计每头供体牛回收的总胚胎数、可用胚胎数、不同等级胚胎数以及不可用胚胎数,然后分别根据不同发育阶段、同期方法、FSH剂量以及超排次数对各试验组的超排效率、胚胎生产等数据进行比较分析。结果表明:1)经产牛的超排有效率((95.46±2.58)%)显著高于青年牛((77.55±6.02)%)(P<0.05),胚胎总数(12.30 vs 10.37枚)、可用胚胎数(8.97 vs 7.66枚)、A级胚胎数(3.86 vs 2.50枚)均高于青年牛,但组间差异不显著(P>0.05);2)超排前不同同期处理方法(自然发情、PG和埋植CIDR)的超排有效率差异不显著,但是自然发情组供体牛头均可用胚胎总数((11.22±2.33)枚)显著高于PG处理组((6.09±1.05)枚)(P<0.05);3)不同剂量FSH可显著影响供体的超排效率和头均不可用胚胎数,青年牛120 mg FSH组的超排有效率((55.56±17.57)%)显著低于200 mg FSH((88.00±6.63)%)和220 mg FSH组((73.33±11.82)%)(P<0.05),经产牛220 mg FSH组的头均不可用胚胎数((2.28±0.65)枚)显著低于250 mg FSH组((5.00±1.38)枚)(P<0.05);4)超排次数显著影响青年牛超排有效率和经产牛头均不可用胚胎数,青年牛第一次超排有效率((70.27±7.62)%)显著低于第二次超排有效率(100%)(P<0.05),经产牛第二次超排回收的不可用胚胎数((4.44±0.92)枚)显著高于第一次超排((2.39±0.40)枚)(P<0.05)。因此,在华北地区现有的生产管理水平下,和牛超排供体宜选用经产母牛,超排处理FSH总剂量宜为240 mg,这对和牛体内胚胎高效生产和核心群的建立具有一定的参考价值。The study aimed to analyze the effects of different developmental stages(young and postpartum Wagyu),synchronization methods,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)dosage and superovulation times on superovulation efficiency and embryo production in Australian Wagyu beef.In this experiment,38 young Wagyu(16-20 months old)and 42 postpartum Wagyu(first born)were selected for superovulation treatment.The number of total embryos,usable embryos,different grades embryos and the unavailable embryos were counted respectively,and then the data of superovulation efficiency and embryo production of each experimental group were compared and analyzed.The results showed that:1)The rate of efficient superovulation in postpartum Wagyu((95.46±2.58)%)was significantly higher than that in heifer((77.55±6.02)%,P<0.05),and the number of total embryos(12.30 vs 10.37),usable embryos(8.97 vs 7.66)and grade A degree embryos(3.86 vs 2.50)were also higher than those in heifer(P>0.05);2)There was no significant difference in the rate of efficient superovulation among different simultaneous treatments(spontaneous estrus,PG and implanted CIDR)before superovulation,but the average usable embryos per donor bovine in spontaneous estrus group(11.22±2.33)was significantly higher than that in PG group(6.09±1.05)(P<0.05);3)Different doses of FSH could significantly affect the rate of efficient superovulation of donor and the number of average unavailable embryos per donor.The rate of efficient superovulation of heifer in 120 mg FSH group((55.56±17.57)%)was significantly lower than that in 200 mg FSH group((88.00±6.63)%)and 220 mg FSH group((73.33±11.82)%)(P<0.05).The number of average unavailable embryos per donor of postpartum beefs in 220 mg FSH group(2.28±0.65)was significantly lower than that in 250 mg FSH group(5.00±1.38)(P<0.05);4)The superovulation times significantly affected the rate of efficient superovulation of heifer and the number of average unavailable embryos per donor of postpartum beefs.The first rate of efficient superovulation

关 键 词：澳洲和牛 超数排卵 促卵泡素 胚胎生产 

分 类 号：S823.3[农业科学—畜牧学]