游离氨对活性污泥系统中硝化性能和硝化群落结构的影响  

Free ammonia affects the nitrification performance and nitrifying community structure in the suspended activated system

作　　者：姜婷婷 王光杰 杨浩[1] 吴常峰 孙洪伟[1] 陈桐生 JIANG Tingting;WANG Guangjie;YANG Hao;WU Changfeng;SUN Hongwei;CHEN Tongsheng(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,P.R.China;Shandong Tongji Testing Technology Co.,Ltd,Yantai 264000,Shandong,P.R.China;Lanzhou Urban Water Supply(Group)Co.LTD,Lanzhou 730070,P.R.China;South China Institute of Enviromental Sciencce,MEE,Guangzhou 510655,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,兰州730070 [2]山东同济测试科技股份有限公司,山东烟台264000 [3]兰州城市供水(集团)有限公司,兰州730070 [4]生态环境部华南环境科学研究所,广州510655

出　　处：《土木与环境工程学报（中英文）》2021年第1期193-202,共10页Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51668031)。

摘　　要：建立了4个平行的SBR处理合成废水,游离氨(FA)浓度分别为0.5、5、10、15mg/L,命名为S0.5、S5、S10和S15,4个系统的脱氮性能在整个实验过程中均很好(平均值为98.7%),利用FA对亚硝酸氧化细菌(NOB)的抑制作用,结合过程控制,成功在S10和S15系统中实现短程硝化。在建立短程硝化途径的过程中,S10的NAR在第79天迅速达到90.3%,S15的NAR在139天迅速达到90.5%。在S10的80~250d和S15的140~250d中,平均NAR分别稳定在98.8%和98.2%左右。用16SrRNA基因的高通量测序技术分析样本中硝化细菌的相对丰度和结构,结果表明,AOB和NOB丰度的变化与试验结果一致。FA不仅可以显著影响AOB和NOB的相对丰度,而且还可以抑制NOB活性。此外,还发现较低的AOB含量在FA浓度为15mg/L时具有较高的氨底物微生物利用能力。Four parallel SBRs were established to treat synthetic wastewater with preset concentrations of free ammonia(FA)(0.5,5,10 and 15mg/L),including S0.5,S5,S10and S15.The four systems removed ammonia well throughout the experiment(average value of 98.7%).The inhibition of FA by nitriteoxidizing bacteria(NOB)combined with process control was used to achieve a nitrite pathway in S10and S15.During the initiation of the nitrite pathway,the accumulation rate(NAR)increased dramatically to 90.3%on day 79in S10 and to 90.5%on day 139 in S15.For S10on day 80~250and S15on day 140~250,the average NARs were steady at approximately 98.8%and 98.2%,respectively.High-throughput sequencing of the 16SrRNA gene played an ever-increasing role in analyzing the relative abundance and structure of the nitrifying bacteria in these samples.The results showed that the changes in the abundance of AOB and NOB were consistent with our experimental results.FA affected not only the relative abundance of AOB and NOB,but also the activity of NOB.Although AOB and NOB coexisted in the four systems,AOB was still the main nitrifying bacteria.We found that a lower abundance of AOB had a higher microbial utilization capacity of ammonia substrate at 15mgFA/L.

关 键 词：游离氨 短程硝化 高通量测序 氨氧化细菌 亚硝酸氧化细菌 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]